【摘要】 目的测定学龄前儿童肠道双歧杆菌（Bifidobacterium）种群结构,探讨其与饮奶量的关系。方法以成都市某幼儿园200名2～6岁健康儿童作为研究对象,男女各半,通过家长填写问卷调查收集饮奶量信息。收集其粪便,采用实时荧光定量PCR对双歧杆菌属和8个菌种水平进行定量测定,比较不同饮奶量儿童肠道双歧杆菌种群结构差异。结果受试儿童粪便均检出双歧杆菌,菌量为（9.33±0.54） log₁₀ CFU/g。日均饮奶量≥300 mL组儿童肠道短双歧杆菌（B.breve）检出率高于饮奶量<300 mL组（88.9%vs. 78.4%,χ²=4.039,P=0.044）。日均饮奶量≥300 mL组儿童短双歧杆菌和婴儿双歧杆菌（B.infantis）的菌量高于饮奶量<300 mL组儿童[（7.35±1.25）log₁₀ CFU/g vs.（6.91±1.32）log₁₀ CFU/g,t=-2.096,P=0.038;（7.36±1.35）log₁₀ CFU/g vs.（6.68±1.45）log₁₀ CFU/g,t=-2.412,P=0.018]。结论成都市200名学龄前儿童肠道双歧杆菌属检出率为100%,优势菌种为链状双歧杆菌（B.catenulatum）、长双歧杆菌（B.longum）和短双歧杆菌。饮奶量与短双歧杆菌和婴儿双歧杆菌的定植有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE To determine the population structure of intestinal Bifidobacteria in preschool children, and evaluate its relationship with milk consumption. METHODS The study was performed among 200 healthy children aged 2 to 6 in a kindergarten, Chengdu. Half of the children were female. The information of their milk consumption was collected through questionnaire finished by their parents. The levels of Bifidobacterium and 8 Bifidobacterium species in the subject feces were analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The differences between the population structures of intestinal Bifidobacteria in children with different milk consumption were compared. RESULTS The detection rate of Bifidobacteria in the feces of the children was 100%, and the bacterial amount was（9.33±0.54） log₁₀ CFU/g. In comparison with the group whose daily milk consumption was less than 300 mL, the detection rate of B. breve（88.9% vs. 78.4%,χ²=4.039,P=0.044）, the amount of B. breve and B. infantis [（7.35±1.25） log₁₀ CFU/g vs.（6.91±1.32） log₁₀ CFU/g,t=-2.096,P=0.038;（7.36±1.35） log₁₀ CFU/g vs.（6.68±1.45） log₁₀ CFU/g,t=-2.412,P=0.018]were higher in the group whose daily milk consumption was no less than 300 mL. CONCLUSION The detection rate of Bifidobacteria is 100% in the 200 preschool children of Chengdu. B. catenulatum, B. longum and B. breve are believed to be major bifidobacterial species in children intestinal microbiota. The study manifests the association between milk consumption and B. breve or B. infantis engraftment.更多还原