【摘要】 mTOR是细胞生长和增殖的中枢调控因子。mTOR形成2个不同的复合物mTORC1和mTORC2。mTORC1受多种信号调节,如生长因子、氨基酸和细胞能量,同时,mTORC1调节许多重要的细胞过程,包括翻译、转录和自噬。AMPK作为一种关键的生理能量传感器,是细胞和有机体能量平衡的主要调节因子,协调多种代谢途径,平衡能量的供应和需求,最终调节细胞和器官的生长。能量代谢平衡调控是由多个与之相关的信号通路所介导,其中AMPK/mTOR信号通路在细胞内共同构成一个合成代谢和分解代谢过程的开关。此外,AMPK/mTOR信号通路还是一个自噬的重要调控途径。本文着重于目前对AMPK和mTOR信号传导之间关系的了解,讨论了AMPK/mTOR在细胞和有机体能量稳态中的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 mTOR is a central controller of cell growth and proliferation. mTOR forms two distinct complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2. mTORC1 is regulated by multiple signals such as growth factors, amino acids, and cellular energy and regulates numerous essential cellular processes including translation, transcription, and autophagy. As a key physiological energy sensor, AMPK is the main regulator of cell and organism energy balance, coordinates multiple metabolic pathways, balances energy supply and demand, and ultimately regulates the growth of cells and organs. The regulation of energy metabolism balance is mediated by a number of related signaling pathways, in which the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway together constitute a switch for anabolic and catabolic processes. Furthermore, the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway is an important regulatory pathway for autophagy. This review focuses on current understanding the relationship between AMPK and mTOR signaling and discusses their roles in cellular and organism energy homeostasis.更多还原