【摘要】 为建设和保护海岛植被生态系统,连续两年实地调查了南长山岛植物物种种类及生长状况,采用物种多样性指数,运用方差分析研究了不同坡向、坡位的生物多样性及其分布格局.结果表明:(1)南长山岛共有维管植物127种,隶属于44科106属,植物种类以世界广布科为主,植物区系具有温带属性,单种属占比较高;(2)整体上,南长山岛丰富度指数(S)、Shannon-Wiener指数(H)、Simpson指数(D)呈现草本层>灌木层>乔木层,Pielou均匀度指数(J)为灌木层>草本层>乔本层;相比其它岛屿,物种多样性水平偏低;(3)乔木在不同坡向、坡位物种多样性无显著差异(P> 0. 05),人为因素是影响乔木物种多样性分布格局的主要因素;灌木层Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数坡向间存在极显著差异(P <0. 01);草本层Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数和物种丰富度指数坡向间存在极显著差异(P <0. 01).结论:(1)南长山岛具有相对丰富、分布均匀的植物群落但表现出较低的生物多样性水平;(2)坡向是影响南长山岛物种多样性空间格局的主要地形因子.本研究在一定程度上对海岛植被生态建设具有参考意义.更多还原

【Abstract】 To protect the island vegetation ecosystem,a two-year investigation on the species variety and growth status of plants on the Nanchangshan Island has been conducted. The species diversity and the distribution pattern of the Nanchangshan Island have been discussed from the perspective of the slope direction and slope position by the species diversity index and the variance analysis. The results show that:( 1) There are 127 species of vascular plants on the island,belonging to 106 genera of 44 families.( 2) In general,the Species Diversity Index( S),the Shannon-Wiener Index( H),and the Simpson Index( D) of the Nanchangshan Islandpresentsuch a distribution structure: herb layer > shrub layer > tree layer,the PielouEvenness Index shows such a distribution structure: shrub layer > herb layer > tree layer; and the species diversity level is lower than other islands.( 3) There is no significant difference( P > 0. 05) in different slope directions or slope positions for arbor. Human factors are the main factors affecting the distribution pattern of the arbor species diversity. For the shrub layer,there exists a significant difference between the Shannon-Wiener Index and the Simpson Index in the slope direction( P < 0. 01). For the herb layer,there is a significant difference between the Shannon-Wiener Index,the Simpson Index and the Species Diversity Index in the slope direction( P < 0. 01). As a conclusion,( 1) TheNanchangshan Island has a relatively rich and evenly distributed plant community,but represents a lower biodiversity.( 2) The slope direction is the main topographic factor affecting the spatial pattern of species diversity on the NanchangshanIsland. The results of this study can,to a certain extent,be used as a reference in the ecological construction of island vegetation.更多还原