【摘要】 对基本权利功能与遴选标准的不同认识,是造成环境权入宪纷争的主要原因之一。平等主体间环境侵权行为不需要由宪法给予基本权利层面的保护。2018年宪法修改,在第89条第6项新增国务院领导和管理生态文明建设的职权,属于授权性规范与职责性规范于一体的权力规范,其规范内涵应解释为在生态环境治理领域构建区别于传统基本权利为核心的权力机制,确立国家生态文明建设权力,国务院领导和管理、其他国家机构协同的生态文明建设。面对由中央、地方与社会关系异化、环境利益与私有财产权等权益冲突引发的问题,需要坚守权益位阶判断的相对性与特殊性,谋求合乎比例的权益协调,明确与生态文明建设职权相对应的职责,从而化解生态环境领域理论与实践层面的种种矛盾。更多还原

【Abstract】 Different understandings about the basic rights’ functions and selection criteria is one of the major reasons that result in conflicts over whether to include the environmental right into the constitution.Tort between subjects with equal status does not need the constitution’s protection at the basic right level.Paragraph 6,Article 89 of the 2018 Constitution gave the State Council the new authority to lead and manage the construction of ecological civilization. This is a norm that integrates authority and responsibility;its connotation should be interpreted as the establishment of a power mechanism in the field of ecological environment governance different from the mechanism that centers around traditional basic rights. It confirms the state’s power in the construction of ecological civilization with the State Council as the leader and manager in coordination with other state organs. In face of the alienated relationships among the central government,the local governments and the society as well as the chaotic situation caused by conflicts between environmental interests and private property rights,it is necessary to insist on the relativity and particularity of rank judgment on rights and interests,seek coordinated and proportionate rights and interests,clearly define responsibilities corresponding to powers in this respect,to resolve various theoretical and practical contradictions in the field of ecological environment.更多还原