【摘要】 目的探讨在地震灾害发生后的早期,影响外科医护人员的急性应激水平相关因素。方法用自编一般情况调查表、自编相关问题筛查表、灾害自评量表(SRQ-20)及特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)在震后第14天对37名汶川地震余震区的参加的外科医护人员进行问卷调查,同期随机选取同地区未参加紧急救治的其他外科医护人员43人作为对照组,并对调查结果进行统计描述、方差分析、相关分析和多元逐步回归分析。结果职业因素与性别因素比较,职业为主效应;SRQ-20总分与消极应对因子分呈显著负相关;年龄、职业、消极应对因子分可预测急性应激水平的高低。结论震后参加救治的外科医护人员有较高水平的急性应激反应,尤以护士为甚,年龄越大,应激水平越高,消极的应对方式会带来更高水平的应激反应。建议加强心理知识的宣传,避免过多的使用消极的应对方式,尤应注意外科医护人员特别是护士的心理健康水平变化,合理调配医疗资源,以提高其自身心理健康水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To determine the influence of the earthquake rescue on the acute psychological stress state of surgery staffs and investigate the associated factors.Method SRQ-20 and TCSQ were distributed to 37 relieving surgical staffs and 43 surgical staffs(the control group)in aftershock zone after tow weeks of Wenchuan earthquake.The data were analyzed by the analysis of variance,correlation analysis and the multiple stepwise regression analysis.Result Occupation had a more effect than gender.The total score of SRQ-20 revealed significantly negative correlation with the score of negative coping factor.Age occupation and the total score of negative coping factor can predict the acute psychological stress state.Conclusion Reliving surgical staffs,especially nurses,had more intensive acute stress reaction.Those who was elder of adopted negative coping strategy had more intensive acute stress reaction.It is essential to publicize psychological knowledge in order to make surgical staffs(especially surgical nurses)decrease adopting negative coping.We should improve personnel administration to protect mental health of surgical staffs.更多还原