【摘要】 滨海核电站排放的低放射性污染物对海洋浮游生物及其生态系统的辐射影响日益受到人们关注。为探讨人工放射性核素对海洋浮游藻类的辐射效应机制,研究了放射性¹³⁷Cs暴露下电离辐射对海洋浮游藻类三角褐指藻（Phaeodactylum tricornutum）的形态、生长速率以及叶绿素荧光特性的影响。结果表明,三角褐指藻在放射性为1 000 Bq/dm³比活度的¹³⁷Cs处理组、CsCl对照组和空白组的比生长速率均值分别为0. 600/d、0. 600/d和0. 610/d,组间差异不显著（p> 0. 05）。在叶绿素荧光特征的影响方面,随培养时间的延长¹³⁷Cs暴露下的三角褐指藻F_o、F_m呈上升趋势; F_v/F_m、F_v/F_o、NPQ呈先上升后趋于稳定的趋势,其稳定范围分别为0. 5～0. 6、1. 0～1. 4和0. 7～1. 1; Q_p呈现先下降后稳定的趋势,其稳定范围为0. 5～0. 6。通过差异显著性比较分析处理组和对照组、空白组的比生长速率和叶绿素荧光特性参数无显著性差异。研究结果可为海洋放射性污染的预防和治理提供理论依据和实际参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Radiation effects of low-level radioactive pollutants from coastal nuclear power plants on phytoplankton and its ecosystems have attracted a growing and widely concern. In order to investigate the radiation effects of artificial radionuclides on marine planktonic algae,the morphology,growth rate and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Phaeodactylum tricornutum were studied under exposure of ¹³⁷Cs radiation. The results showed that the average growth rate of P. tricornutum in the ¹³⁷Cs treatment group with radioactivity of 1 000 Bq/dm³,CsCl control group and blank group were 0. 600/d,0. 600/d and 0. 610/d,respectively. Compared with the stable isotope control group and blank group with CsCl added,the difference among the groups was not significant（ p > 0. 05）. The values of F_o and F_m increased with the culture time under ¹³⁷Cs exposure. The ratios of F_v/F_m,F_v/F_o and NPQ tended to be stable after rising,and their stability ranges were 0. 5 ～ 0. 6,1. 0 ～ 1. 4 and 0. 7 ～ 1. 1,respectively;Q_p trended to decrease until it stabilized in range of 0. 5 ～ 0. 6. There was no significant difference in growth rate and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics between the treatment group and the control group. The research results could provide a theoretical basis and practice references for the prevention and governance of marine radioactive pollution.更多还原