【摘要】 近年来,以气候变暖为主的全球变化引起了人们的高度重视,而冻土活动层厚度对此具有指示作用,因此,气候变化对冻土中温室气体排放的影响及其响应机制已成为环境地学的研究热点之一。本文通过对我国青藏高原及东北大、小兴安岭等冻土中CO2、CH4和N2O等温室气体产生途径与排放方式归纳总结,探讨温度变化、降水格局变化以及氮沉降对我国冻土温室气体排放的影响。温度和降水变化以及外源氮添加均可显著改变土壤理化性质和微生物活性,从而影响土壤碳氮循环,导致温室气体通量发生变化,但不同土壤生态系统温室气体对环境变化的响应存在差异。未来应加强不同生态系统温室气体通量对全球变化的响应研究,以期为制定适应全球变化的政策提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,global warming has aroused great attention,while the thickness of the active layer of permafrost is an indicator for climate change. The impacts of climate change on greenhouse gas emissions in permafrost and its response mechanism have become hot topics in environmental geo-science research. This paper summarized the ways of producing greenhouse gases such as CO2,CH4 and N2 O in the frozen soils of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,Daxing’an Mountains and Xiaoxing’an Mountains,and discussed the effects of temperature changes, precipitation patterns and nitrogen deposition on greenhouse gas emissions from frozen soils in China. Temperature,precipitation and nitrogen deposition significantly change soil physical and chemical properties and microbial activity,thus affecting soil carbon and nitrogen cycle and resulting in changes in greenhouse gas flux. The response of greenhouse gases to environmental changes in different soil ecosystems is different. Aiming at providing scientific basis for developing policies to adapt to global changes,future research should be highlighted on the response of greenhouse gases in different ecosystems to environmental changes.更多还原