【摘要】 废砖垂直流人工湿地是采用农村废弃建筑垃圾和秸秆为填料的一种新型"以废治废、变废为宝"的人工湿地。农村生活污水水质波动大,污染负荷变化大,为了摸清在不同污染负荷变化情况下,废砖垂直流人工湿地系统的处理效果如何,以常规石灰石人工湿地为对照,选择不同污染负荷的农村生活污水为供试污水,研究废砖垂直流人工湿地在不同污染负荷下对污染物的处理效果。结果显示,不同污染负荷下,废砖人工湿地系统对污染物的去除存在显著差异（P<0.05）,在污染负荷1 [ρ（TN）=10 mg·L^-1,ρ（TP）=1 mg·L^-1,ρ(COD_Cr)=10 mg·L^-1]和污染负荷2 [ρ（TN）=20 mg·L^-1,ρ（TP）=3 mg·L^-1,ρ(COD_Cr)=200mg·L^-1]情况下,系统显示较好的污染物去除效果,出水TN和NH₄⁺-N质量浓度满足《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918—2002）一级B类水质标准。废砖人工湿地系统对污染物的去除效果要优于石灰石人工湿地。废砖人工湿地的TP去除率在4个不同污染负荷下分别可达到86%、74%、64%、61%;在污染负荷为3[ρ（TN）=40mg·L^-1,ρ（TP）=7mg·L^-1,ρ(COD_Cr)=300 mg·L^-1]情况下,废砖人工湿地系统对COD_Cr的去除率可达到83%。污染负荷变化,会影响系统微环境指标的变化。不同污染负荷的变化对系统的净化效果具有显著影响。该研究结果可为废砖人工湿地系统实际运行和进一步优化提供重要实际参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Vertical flow-constructed wetland with crushed bricks is a new type of constructed wetland with rural construction waste and straw as fillers used to treat wastes with processes of wastes against one another, thereby making waste profitable. The quality of rural domestic sewage fluctuates considerably, and the pollution load varies remarkably. To determine the treatment effect of vertical flow constructed wetland system with crushed bricks under different pollution load changes by taking the conventional limestone constructed wetland as the control and selecting rural domestic sewage with different pollution loads as the test sewage, we study the treatment effects of vertical flow constructed wetland with crushed bricks on pollutants under different pollution loads. Results showed that,（1） The differences in pollutant removal by constructed wetland system with crushed bricks under different pollution loads are significant（P<0.05）. Under pollution loads 1 [(10 mg·L^-1 ρ（TN）, 1 mg·L^-1 TP, and 10 mg·L^-1 ρ(COD_Cr)] and 2 [20 mg·L^-1 ρ（TN）, 3 mg·L^-1 ρ（TP）, and 200 mg·L^-1 ρ(COD_Cr)], the system has a good pollutant removal effect, and the effluent（TN and NH₄⁺-N） concentrations meet water quality standard class I level B of Standards for the Discharge of Pollutants of Urban Sewage Treatment Plants（GB18918—2002）.（2） The pollutant removal effect of constructed wetland system with crushed bricks is better than that of limestone-constructed wetland. The TP removal rates of the constructed wetland with crushed bricks under the four different pollution loads are 86%, 74%, 64%, and 61%, respectively. Under conditions that pollution loads of 40 mg·L^-1 ρ（TN）, 7 mg·L^-1 ρ（TP）, and 300 mg·L^-1 ρ(COD_Cr), the COD_Cr removal rate of constructed wetland with crushed bricks can reach 83%. And（3） the changes in pollution load will affect the change in system microenvironment index. The change in different pollution loads has a significant impact on the purification effect of the system. This study result can provide an important practical reference value for the actual operation and further optimization of constructed wetland with crushed bricks.更多还原