【摘要】 人类活动向环境中带来的磷输入是地表水环境磷污染的主要来源。文章分析了中国大陆31个省域1997-2016年人类活动净磷输入(net anthropogenic phosphorus input,NAPI)及其来源的时空变化趋势,并对省域人类活动净磷输入特征进行了类群划分。结果表明,1997-2016年全国NAPI的年平均增长率为2.03%,其中,1997-2006年和2006-2016年的年平均增长率分别为3.57%和0.90%。大部分省份都出现正增长,而江苏、山东、北京等8个省市区在2006-2016年的NAPI出现了负增长,这与环境库兹涅茨曲线相吻合。西部省份的NAPI强度均低于东部省份,上海、河南、山东、江苏一直处于较高水平,最小值均出现在西藏。青海、江苏、上海、安徽两个时期NAPI的增长率均低于全国平均水平,而吉林、新疆、内蒙古、宁夏、辽宁、黑龙江、陕西、云南、河南、海南、广西、湖南、江西均高于全国平均水平。1997-2016年,化肥输入和净人类食物和动物饲料的磷输入是全国NAPI最重要的两个输入来源,共占全国人为磷输入总量的90%左右。影响我国NAPI空间分布的主要因素为耕地面积占比和人口密度,其中,耕地面积占比为最主要的影响因素。本研究结果可为中国人类活动净磷输入分区域磷素管理提供理论参考与科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The phosphorus input brought by human activities into the environment is the main source of phosphorus pollution in surface water environment. This paper analyzed the spatio-temporal trends of net anthropogenic phosphorus input(NAPI) and its sources in 31 provinces of China from 1997 to 2016, and classified the net anthropogenic phosphorus input characteristics on the province scale. The results showed that from 1997 to 2016, the national average annual growth rate of NAPI was 2.03%, of which the average annual growth rate in 1997-2006 and 2006-2016 was 3.57% and 0.90%, respectively. In most provinces, positive growth had occurred, while NAPI in Jiangsu, Shandong, and Beijing had experienced negative growth in NAPI in 2006-2016, which was consistent with the environmental Kuznets curve. The NAPI intensity of the western provinces was lower than that of the eastern provinces. Shanghai, Henan, Shandong, and Jiangsu had been at a high level, and the minimum was in Tibet. In Qinghai, Jiangsu,Shanghai, and Anhui, the growth rates in both periods were lower than the national average. Jilin, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia,Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Henan, Hainan, Guangxi, Hunan, and Jiangxi all experienced higher growth rates than the national average. From 1997 to 2016, the input of fertilizer and the phosphorus input of net human food and animal feed were the two most important input sources of NAPI in China, accounting for about 90% of the total input of anthropogenic phosphorus in China. The main factors influencing the spatial distribution of NAPI in China were the proportion of cultivated land area and population density, and the proportion of cultivated land area was the most important factor. This paper can provide theoretical reference and scientific basis for anthropogenic phosphorus input management in China.更多还原