【摘要】 采用盆栽试验,以小白菜（Brassica chinensis L.）为试验作物,设置4个蚯蚓粪肥处理,分别为对照(CK,0 g·kg^-1)、低量(A1,40 g·kg^-1)、中量(A2,80 g·kg^-1)、高量(A3,120 g·kg^-1),每个处理4次重复,于小白菜移栽后0、7、14、21d和35d采集土壤样品并测定各指标,研究蚯蚓粪肥对水稻土有机磷矿化以及微生物活性的影响。结果表明,（1）蚯蚓粪肥对小白菜根际土和非根际土微生物生物量碳、微生物生物量磷均有显著影响（P<0.05）,各处理组中非根际土微生物生物量碳磷比均低于根际土1.9-2.0倍。（2）培养期间,蚯蚓粪肥处理的水稻土酸性磷酸酶活性、有效磷及各磷形态含量相比对照组均有显著性提高。（3）处理组土壤各指标相关性分析结果表明:土壤微生物生物量磷、酸性磷酸酶活性均与中稳定性有机磷Na OH-P_o存在显著负相关关系;在A2和A3水平下,微生物生物量磷与活性有机磷Na HCO₃-P_o之间存在显著负相关关系,Na HCO₃-P_o与Na OH-P_o存在显著正相关关系,稳定态有机磷C.HCl-P_o与Na OH-P_o、Na HCO₃-P_o均呈显著负相关关系。研究表明,蚯蚓粪肥极显著提高土壤NaOH-P_o含量和酸性磷酸酶活性,有效促进Na OH-P_o活化的同时提高了微生物对磷的贮存,其中非根际土微生物对磷的固定强于根际土;蚯蚓粪肥在加速土壤Na HCO₃-P_o和Na OH-P_o矿化的同时也促进了C.HCl-P_o生成,其中微生物生物量磷对C.HCl-P_o的合成具有促进作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Organic phosphorus（P） is an important part of soil P pool, and the mineralization of soil organic P plays a significant role in P nutrition of plant growth. Being very different from common compost products in physical, chemical, and biological properties,vermicompost is a kind of ecological organic fertilizer and soil ameliorant produced by fermentation of organic waste and enzymatic action of earthworm’s digestive system. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of vermicompost application on organic P transformation and microbial activity in a paddy soil cropped with Brassica chinensis L. Vermicompost was applied at 4 levels of CK: 0 g·kg^-1, A1: 40 g·kg^-1, A2: 80 g·kg^-1, and A3: 120 g·kg^-1. The treatments were carried out in 4 replicates.Soil samples were collected at day 0, 7, 14, 21, and 35 after Brassica chinensis L. transplanting. Soil sample analysis results showed that:（1） vermicompost application significantly affected the microbial biomass carbon（C） and microbial biomass P in both the bulk and rhizosphere soil（P<0.05）, and the microbial biomass C/P ratio in rhizosphere soil was 1.9 to 2.0 times higher than that in bulk soil in all the treatments.（2） Compared with CK, vermicompost application significantly increased acid phosphatase activity and the contents of Olsen-P and various P species in soil. And（3） correlation analyses indicated the following: moderately stable organic P（Na OH-P_o） had a significantly negative correlation with both microbial biomass P and acid phosphatase activity in all the treatments.In A2 and A3, microbial biomass P had a significantly negative correlation with labile organic P（NaHCO₃-P_o）. Na HCO₃-P_o had a significantly positive correlation with NaOH-P_o, and stable organic P（C.HCl-P_o） had a significantly negative correlation with both Na OH-P_o and NaHCO₃-P_o. These results indicated that: vermicompost application significantly increased acid phosphatase activity and Na OH-P_o content, and drove forward the P fixation by soil microorganisms while effectively promoted the activation of Na OH-P_o. Microbial biomass P or P fixation by microorganisms was higher in bulk soil than in rhizosphere soil. While promoting the mineralization of NaOH-P_o and NaHCO₃-P_o, vermicompost promoted the formation of C.HCl-P_o as well. Microbial biomass P promoted the formation of C.HCl-P_o. These results are expected to provide a scientific basis for improving the utilization rate of P fertilizers and promote the better use of vermicompost.更多还原