【摘要】 植物功能性状是植物对周围环境的适应及响应,进一步了解植物的功能性状,对于深入了解由放牧导致的草地退化具有重要意义。于内蒙古大学生态学研究基地开展4年(2012-2015年)放牧控制试验,通过研究克氏针茅(Stipa krylovii)在放牧干扰下的个体功能性状,探讨内蒙古典型草地生态系统中克氏针茅对放牧的响应和适应对策。2016年,在克氏针茅种群生物量高峰期(8月)测定了连续4年放牧(2012-2015年)和无牧条件下(对照)的植株高度(PH)、总叶面积(TLA)、茎叶比(SLW)、茎质量(SW)、总质量(AB)、总叶质量(TLQ)、比叶面积(SLA)、叶数(LN)、营养枝数(NNB)、丛幅(WCC)共10个性状指标。结果表明:(1)4年放牧显著降低了植株高度和比叶面积(P<0.05),与对照相比,植株高度和比叶面积分别下降了31%和58%;显著增加了克氏针茅的营养枝数和叶数(P<0.05);与对照相比,营养枝数与叶数分别增加了50%和63%;(2)其中比叶面积、营养枝数、叶数这3个功能性状为敏感性指标,其余7个为惰性指标;(3)生物量与株高、茎质量、营养枝数、总叶质量、茎叶比、丛幅、叶面积、和叶数存在极显著的正相关关系(P<0.01),与比叶面积呈现显著负相关关系;(4)株高、茎质量、总叶质量、总质量、丛幅、叶面积之间存在显著正相关关系。该研究认为,克氏针茅各功能性状对放牧干扰的不同响应,是其对干扰产生的生态对策,进而维持种群的稳定性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Plant functional traits represent how plants adapt and response to the surrounding environment. Studying plant functional traits is of great significance for understanding the mechanism of grassland degradation caused by grazing. To explore the response and adaptation strategies of Stipa krylovii to grazing in the typical steppe ecosystems in Inner Mongolia, a total of 10 trait indicators including plant height(PH), total leaf area(TLA), stem/leaf ratio(SLW), stem weight(SW), Aboveground biomass(AB), Total leaf quality(TLQ), specific leaf area(SLA), number of leaves(NL), number of nutrient branches(NNB), width of clusters(WCC) were respectively measured in biomass peak of Stipa krylovii population(August) under consecutive grazing(year 2012-2015) and no grazing(control) conditions. Our results showed that:(1) Compared to the control, 4-year consecutives grazing significantly decreased the PH and SLA by 31% and 58%(P<0.05), but evidently increased the NNB and NL by 50% and 63%(P<0.05)respectively;(2) NNB and NL were sensitive indicators, and the other seven traits were inertindicators;(3) There was a significantly positive correlation between biomass and PH, SW, NNB, TLQ, SLW, WCC, TLA and LN(P<0.01), while the biomass was negatively correlated with SLA; And(4) there were also significantly positive correlation among PH, SW, TLQ, AB, WCC and TLA.Our study suggests that the different responses of various functional traits of Stipa krylovii to grazing disturbance are ecological countermeasures for disturbance to maintain the stability of the population.更多还原