【摘要】 本研究于2016年秋～2018年秋对冀中地区60个桃园进行跟踪监测,记录养分投入、测定土壤养分及桃树果实产量,分析桃树果实产量与养分投入及土壤养分之间的关系。结果表明:冀中地区桃园年度养分投入总量平均值氮素（N）在680～1053 kg hm^-2,磷素（P₂O₅）2在77～925 kg hm^-2,钾素（K₂O）在358～718 kg hm^-2,其中以化肥养分为主;各桃园养分投入量存在极大差异,如氮养分投入总量高的超过2000 kg hm^-2,而低的则仅有115 kg hm^-2。与果园土壤养分分级标准相比,2017年春季和秋季土壤硝态氮含量总体处于较低水平,有效磷和速效钾含量处于较高水平,微量元素含量处于丰富水平。与合理施肥量相比,冀中地区绝大多数桃园处于过量施肥水平;在目前养分供应范围内,桃树果实产量、株果数和种植密度与养分投入、土壤养分含量相关性不显著,但单果重与其均呈显著正相关。总之,冀中地区桃园应加强科学施肥,在保证产量的基础上,适量降低氮磷钾投入量,增加有机肥施用量,调整养分投入比例,达到提质增效的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 About 60 peach orchards were monitored in the central Hebei from autumn 2016 to autumn 2018. Soil nutrient input and content and peach yield were measured, and their relationships were analyzed. The results showed that the average input amount of nitrogen（N）, phosphorus（P） and potassium（K） in peach orchards were 680 ～ 1053 kg hm^-2 N, 277 ～ 925 kg hm^-2 P₂O₅, and 358 ～ 718 kg hm^-2 K₂ O, respectively. And there was a great range of nutrient input. For example, N input in peach orchards ranged from 115 ～ 2000 kg hm^-2. The nutrient input of early maturity variety was lower than that of middle-late maturity variety. In spring and autumn 2017, the content of nitrate N was low, while the contents of available P and K and trace elements were rich. The soil nutrient contents of peach orchards in autumn was lower than those in spring. The fertilization was excessive in the most peach orchards of central Hebei.And the correlations between yield, fruit number per plant and plant density and soil nutrient input and content were not significant, and the weight per fruit and nutrient input was positively correlated. Therefore, scientific fertilization should be carried out in peach orchards of central Hebei. The conventional nutrients input should be reduced properly,the input amount of organic fertilizer should be increased and the ratios of nutrients input should be adjusted in order to ensure the yield and improve the quality and efficiency.更多还原