【摘要】 随着油气管网的快速发展,管网泄漏检测技术显得日益重要。为了解决油气管网现有的泄漏检测技术存在的问题,有必要对前沿的天然气泄漏检测技术进行分析,研究出更准确的检测方法,保障天然气顺利输送、安全供应、管网优化等的实现。通过查阅相关文献资料,对一种与管道模型无关的新型检测方法——序贯概率比(SPRT)泄漏检测定位技术进行总结和分析。首先对SPRT理论进行数学描述,建立基于SPRT理论技术的天然气管线泄漏检测数学模型,然后介绍分析了求解模型方法,并在对比分析国内外SPRT泄漏检测定位技术理论和应用的异同基础上提出了改进的时间差定位方法及多序贯概率比检验法。结论表明:(1)多序贯概率比检验法理论上能够适合各程度的泄漏检测,且检测速度较快、准确率高;(2)改进的时间差定位方法能够有效地降低延迟效应,定位精度较高,具有一定的实用性,并且可基于负压波检测原理进行泄漏定位,降低漏报率和误报率。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of oil and gas pipeline network,pipeline leak detection technology is becoming more and more important. In order to solve some problems existing in the oil and gas pipeline leakage detection technology, it is necessary to study multiple natural gas leakage detection technology to ensure the smooth transportation and safe supply of natural gas, pipe network optimization and so on. A new detection method independent of pipeline model, Sequential probability ratio(SPRT) leak detection and location technique, is summarized and analyzed by consulting relevant literature. The mathematical model of gas pipeline leakage detection based on SPRT theory is established by mathematical description of SPRT theory, and the method of solving the model is introduced. Based on the comparison and analysis of the theory and application of SPRT leak detection and location technology, an improved time-difference location method and a multi-sequential probability ratio test method are proposed. The conclusions are as follows:(1) the multiple sequential probability ratio detection can be used to detect leakage in different degrees in theory, and the detection speed is faster and the accuracy is high;(2) the improved timedifference localization method can effectively reduce the delay effect, have high positioning accuracy, be practical, and can be used for leak location based on the principle of negative pressure wave detection, thus reducing the false alarm rate and false alarm rate.更多还原