【摘要】 采用田间试验,研究了尿素硝铵溶液(UAN)对河北省中低产田冬小麦产量、氮肥利用率及氮素平衡的影响。研究结果表明:施用氮肥能够显著增加冬小麦的穗粒数,进而显著提高本区域冬小麦籽粒产量;等氮量的UAN和尿素处理下,小麦籽粒产量无明显差异;UAN减氮20%(80%OPT-UAN)处理下,冬小麦产量略有降低,但未达到显著水平;等氮量处理间冬小麦各氮肥利用率均无明显差异;80%OPT-UAN处理下的冬小麦氮肥农学效率、氮肥偏生产力和氮肥利用率均表现为最高,且氮肥偏生产力较OPT-UAN处理显著提高20.6%;同等氮素施用量下,与尿素相比,UAN处理的土壤氮素残留量较低,而植株吸氮量没有显著差异,由此推断整个土壤-作物系统的氮素损失量较高。综上,尿素硝铵溶液在本研究区的应用效果同尿素相近,本研究结果为河北平原区中低产麦田优化施肥及UAN的科学施用提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of Urea Ammonium Nitrate Solution(UAN)on winter wheat yield,N use efficiency and N balance in Hebei plain area of low and medium yields. The result showed that grain yield increased significantly by N fertilization,which was mainly due to the increase of grain number per panicle. With the application of UAN and Urea under the same N level,the grain yield had no significant difference. The yield of 80% UAN treatment was slightly reduced as compared with that of 100% UAN treatment,but not significant. With the same N level,N use efficiency had no significant differences among UAN and Urea treatments. While the N agronomy efficiency,N partial productivity and N use efficiency were all high in 80% UAN treatment,and the N partial productivity was 20.6% higher than that of OPT-UAN treatment. Compared with Urea treatment under the same N level,UAN treatment showed lower mineral N residual in soil but no significant N uptake in plant,thus leaded to the higher N loss in the entire soil-crop system. In conclusion,the application effects of UAN on winter wheat were similar to that of urea in the study,and the UAN synergistic agent needs further research.更多还原