【摘要】 对福建省平和县板仔、文峰、霞寨、小溪、五寨、国强6个乡镇选择有代表性的26个不同树龄(4～10、10～20和20年以上)琯溪蜜柚园采集土壤及叶片样品,分析琯溪蜜柚园土壤肥力及叶片营养随树龄的变化。结果表明,26个琯溪蜜柚园土壤pH值为3.51～5.77,平均为4.26,处于极酸性;土壤碱解氮、速效钾、交换性钙和交换性镁含量均处于缺乏至极缺水平,土壤有效磷、有效铁和有效铜含量处于高量至过量水平,土壤有机质、交换性钙、交换性镁、有效锰含量随树龄增大而显著降低,土壤有效硼含量整体处于缺乏水平且随树龄增大而显著升高。26个柚园叶片钾、钙和镁含量适宜,磷、锰、铜和硼含量偏高至过量,幼龄树(4～10年)叶片氮、铁含量偏高,而低龄(4～10)、成龄(10～20年)树叶片锌含量偏低。由此说明,琯溪蜜柚园土壤肥力随树龄变化明显,其中土壤有机质及有效钙、镁、锰含量随树龄增加显著下降;柚树叶片养分含量随树龄变化不明显,其中磷、硼、锰、铜含量普遍偏高或过量而锌偏低。因此,必须重视投产以及老果园土壤管理,改良酸性,增施有机质,补充钙、镁营养,以保障树体营养平衡和果实品质。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soil and leaf samples were collected from 26 Guanxi pomelo orchards of different tree-age(4 ～ 10,10 ～ 20,>20 years)in the six towns of Pinghe County,Fujian Province,i.e.,Banzai,Wenfeng,Xiazhai,Xiaoxi,Wuzhai and Guoqiang and soil and leaf nutrients were analyzed.The results showed that soil pH value of 26 orchards ranged from 3.51 to 5.77,with an average of 4.26 which was extremely acidic.The contents of alkaline N,available K,exchangeable Ca and Mg were all at shortage or extreme shortage levels.The soil available P,Fe and Cu contents ranged from high to excessive levels.The contents of soil OM,exchangeable Ca and Mg,effective Mn decreased significantly with tree-age.The content of soil available B was at a deficient level and increased drastically with planting ages.The contents of K,Ca and Mg of leaves of 26 orchards were suitable,the contents of P,Mn,Cu and B were high even excessive.The contents of N and Fe of leaves of young trees(4 ～ 10 years)were high and Zn contents for young and elder trees(4 ～ 10,10 ～ 20 years)were a bit low. Therefore,the soil fertility of the Guanxi pomelo orchards changed remarkably with tree-age,the contents of soil OM,available Ca,Mg and Mn decreased significantly with the age of trees.The nutrient contents of the Guanxi pomelo leaves didn’t show significantly changes with tree-age.Meanwhile,the contents of P,B,Mn,Cu of leaves were high or excessive,while Zn was a bit low.Therefore,for the sake of the balance of trees’ nutritional and fruit quality,we should ameliorate acidity and increase OM,Ca and Mg nutrients in the management of old orchards.更多还原