【摘要】 汶川地震、玉树地震造成大量建筑破坏倒塌,其中村镇自建建筑中单层、双层砌体尤为严重,村镇建筑抗震形势严峻。以单层层高超限、设置大开间体现典型村镇自建建筑不规则特性的混凝土砌块砌体建筑为研究对象,从了解该类结构的振动特性及芯柱、圈梁等构造措施的约束增强作用的角度出发,利用超低频测振仪开展脉动法测试结构振动特性的研究,测试结构第一自振周期位于设计反应谱上升段,而非平台段;基于有限元平台建立三维精细化模型,采用子空间迭代算法进行模态提取,与振动实测对比误差在7%以内,且振型相似;在此基础之上扩展分析,讨论芯柱、圈梁等构造措施对结构动力特性影响;并进行反应谱分析、弹塑性时程分析,预测结构损伤破坏模式,可为同类砌块砌体动力特性和抗震性能评价提供借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Severe damage and collapse of buildings,most of which are self-built in towns and villages,were caused by the Wenchuan earthquake and Yushu earthquake.Most of them are one or two stories concrete hollow block masonry,and the seismic performance of masonry in countryside should be given due attention to.The dynamic characteristic of some one-story masonry was tested by means of pulsatile test for further study.The data was analyzed by using of response spectrum method.Frequency and modes of structure were gained.Meanwhile three dimensional finite element models were setup and its characteristics were calculated by the subspace method.The difference between test results and numerical simulation results are less than 7 percent and the modes are similar.In addition,extended analysis was carried out to discuss the influence of seismic details,such as core columns and ring beams,on the dynamic characteristics of the structure.Meanwhile response spectrum analysis and elasto-plastic time-history analysis were carried out to evaluate the seismic performance of the structure.The results and methods can provide beneficial references for similar block masonry design and seismic performance evaluation.更多还原