【摘要】 研究目的:高寒区物探作业是摆在铁路物探工作者面前的一道难题,环境温度低于或临界于物探仪器设备工作温度时,仪器设备往往不能处于正常工作状态;地表冻层的高阻、高速屏蔽作用常常干扰着物探野外数据采集与分析解释,在牡绥线和集通线物探冬季作业中,通过方法选择、仪器性能研究及试验,解决了铁路工程物探高寒季节施工的问题,利用综合物探的手段解决了隧道及桥址的工程地质问题,减少了昂贵的深孔钻探费用,为铁路控制性工程勘察抢出了宝贵的工期。研究结论:(1)地表冻层产生的高速屏蔽,通过检波器的埋设和高频滤波可消除干扰。(2)直流电法勘探只有将电极打透冻层才能克服地表高阻屏蔽作用。(3)人工源大地电磁是深埋长大隧道勘探的首选物探方法,但是,其发射系统及接收装置的电子元件和自供电电池复杂,抗寒能力次于天然源大地电磁。(4)天然源大地电磁(MTU-5A)外设简单,电极、磁探头与主机直接相连,减少系统干扰和繁杂线路出现问题的几率,抗寒能力强,在干扰小的情况下,也可达到高精度圈定目标的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Research purposes: It is difficult to do the Geophysical exploration for railway in cold area.The geophysical instruments often can’t be in normal status when the environmental temperature is under or close to the working temperature of the geophysical instruments.Simultaneity the shield effect of high resistance and high velocity in the earth’s surface often impacts the collection and interpretation of the data.Through the selection of methods and research and tests of the performance of the instruments for the geophysical exploration in winter for Mudanjiang-Shuifenghe Railway and Jining-Tongliao Railway,the problems in the geophysical exploration for railway in cold area in winter were solved and the problems of engineering geology related to the tunnel and bridge were solved by using the technology of comprehensive geophysical exploration,which reduces the exploration cost and saves the construction time.Research conclusions:(1) The shield effect of high velocity in the frozen crust of earth surface may be eliminated by installing wave-detector and the high-frequency filter.(2) To avoid the shield effect of high resistance in the earth’s surface,the electrodes need to penetrate the frozen crust with direct current electric method.(3) CSAMT is a preferable method for geophysical exploration for long tunnel,but due to the complexity of the electron components and batteries of its transmitting system and receiving system,the cold-resistance capacity of CSAMT is inferior to MT.(4) The installation of MT is in a simple way that the electron and magnetic probe connect with host computer directly.In this way,the system interferer can be reduced and probability of appearance of problem like complicated circuitry can be lowered.Simultaneity the cold-resistant capacity of MT is stronger,and MTU-5A can explore objects with high accuracy if the interferer is small.更多还原