【摘要】 高分辨率地震成像是松辽盆地中浅层砂岩-泥岩薄互层地质条件下储层识别与描述的基础,而近地表疏松介质引起的地震波衰减与频散,极大降低了地震分辨率。依据松辽盆地的近地表结构特征及其对地震波的衰减特性,提出了利用近地表调查资料与地震初至波幅值建立空变Q值模型的方法,并依此为基础发展了叠前地震数据近地表吸收振幅补偿与相位校正方法,来提高地震成像的分辨率。多个三维地震工区的处理结果证实,该方法具有展宽地震频带、保持相对振幅关系以及叠前压制低频噪声的优势,与常规处理成果相比,能够在保持地震低频成分的前提下展宽频带约10 Hz,为储层研究与水平井部署提供了高品质地震数据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The high-resolution seismic imaging is a fundamental technology for reservoir identification and description in the mediumshallow strata of Songliao Basin under the condition of thin sand-shale inter-bed.However,seismic resolution is severely reduced due to seismic wave attenuation and dispersion caused by loose near-surface media.In this study,according to the near-surface structure characteristics and its attenuation effect on seismic wave in Songliao Basin,a method for building space-variant Qvalue model was put forward using the near-surface survey data and amplitude of seismic first break.On this basis,a method was established through the combination of near-surface absorption amplitude compensation and phase correction on pre-stack seismic data to improve the resolution of seismic imaging.The survey results of multiple 3D seismic work areas prove that this method has such advantages as broadening seismic band,maintaining relative amplitude relations and pre-stack low-frequency noise suppressing.Compared with conventional processing results,this method can be used to broaden the band up to about 10 Hz on the premise of maintaining seismic low-frequency component,providing high-quality seismic data for reservoir research and horizontal well deployment.更多还原