【摘要】 塔中沙漠区碳酸盐岩储层是塔里木盆地最主要的油气勘探目标之一。如何提高沙漠地表条件下小缝洞型储层在地震资料上的成像质量是目前该区地震勘探中亟待解决的主要问题。为此,在地震采集技术方面提出了相应的措施。首先,调查了疏松沙丘对地震波的吸收衰减情况,并进行了高速层中检波器接收试验,结果表明,疏松沙丘对地震波(主频35 Hz及以下)的吸收衰减作用不严重,检波器组合接收是提高地震资料信噪比的一种重要手段;其次,研究了针对碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层的三维观测系统设计方法,提出了道密度设计方法及保证面元属性均匀的观测系统设计原则;最后,对沙漠地表条件下的组合高差设计方法进行了论证分析,提出了基于沙丘性质的灵活的检波器组合高差设计方法。将这些方法应用于塔中沙漠区的三维地震勘探,取得了非常明显的勘探效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 The carbonate reservoir in the Central Tarim Basin is one of the main targets of hydrocarbon exploration.Now it focuses on how to improve the imaging quality of small fracture-cave reservoir on seismic data in desert surface condition.For this purpose,the appropriate technical measures of seismic acquisition were proposed. Firstly,we investigated the absorption and attenuation of seismic wave in loose sand-dune,and implemented the experimentation of receiving in high-velocity layer.The result indicates that absorption and attenuation on the seismic wave with the main frequency below 35Hz in sand-dune isn’t serious,and geophone array is one important method for improving signal-to-noise of seismic data.Secondly, we studied 3D geometry design method for fracture-cave reservoir of carbonate,which presents the design method of trace density and the design principle of 3D geometry for assuring bin attributes uniformity. Finally,by the analysis of the elevation difference of geophone array,a flexible design method based on the properties of sand dune was proposed.The methods were used to the 3D seismic exploration in the Central Tarim Basin,and good result was ob- tained.更多还原