【摘要】 检波器二次定位是浅海地震资料采集的关键技术之一。影响二次定位精度的因素较多,为此,对初至波二次定位精度的影响因素和提高定位精度的技术进行了系统的分析研究。重点讨论了初至拾取的精度控制、关联炮点的选择、速度参数的确定和检波点位置的求解算法等。认为初至拾取是影响定位精度的主要因素,合理选择拾取初至波的地震道、依据数据的信噪比选择合适的初至拾取方式,以及合理选择关联炮点等是提高定位精度的有效措施。设计了5种精度分析措施,可以进行单点和整条拖缆的定位精度误差评价。将提高定位精度的方法应用于山东龙口某浅海地区,并与一次定位和水鸟系统二次定位的结果做对比,结果表明,该方法可以更好地提高地震资料的品质,并具有较好的适应性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The secondary positioning technique of receivers is one of the key technologies for seismic acquisition in shallow sea.Many factors impact the accuracy of secondary positioning.Therefore,the factors impacting the accuracy of secondary positioning and the technologies improving accuracy were analyzed and studied systematically. The analysis focuses on some key factors,including precision control of first break picking,selection of related source points,identification of velocity parameters,computation algorithm of receiving points,etc.After analysis,we think first break picking is the main factor for impacting the positioning accuracy,and give effective measurements for improving positioning accuracy,including selecting favorable seismic traces for picking first break,selecting favorable picking approach based on S/N of seismic data,and selecting favorable related source points.Five accuracy analysis measurements were designed,which can be used to evaluate the positioning accuracy error of one point or one towing.The measurements are applied to one shallow area at Longkou,Shandong.The results were compared with the results of first positioning and secondary positioning by Water Bird system The result indicates that the method can better improve the quality of seismic data,and has good adaptiveness.更多还原