【摘要】 回顾地震垂向(时间)和横向(空间)分辨率的发展历史可知,在地震资料的采集和处理中,影响地震分辨率的因素有很多,以至于影响到地震分辨率的提高及其准确定义,如再考虑复杂构造和沉积相以及地质解释中的问题,对地震分辨率的讨论将会变得更加复杂和困难。针对这些问题,作者认为只有通过地震理论和地质理论的综合研究才能全面认识地震勘探的分辨能力。为此,提出了基于地质概念的空间相对分辨率定义,并通过某油田57口开发井建立的地质模型,讨论了基于地质概念空间相对分辨率的解释步骤及其与常规地震解释的不同之处。在此基础上,讨论了基于空间相对分辨率的主要技术,并通过一个地震勘探实例和后期钻井验证结果,进一步论证了在有限带宽地震成像数据条件下,基于空间相对分辨率的地震勘探可以分辨小于1/4波长的薄储层,获得其空间展布信息。更多还原

【Abstract】 Reviewing the development history of vertical (time) and hori- zontal (space) seismic resolutions,we can know that there are many influencing factors of seismic acquisition and data processing on resolutions,which affects the improvement of seismic resolution and its accurate definition,such as the consideration of complex structures,the sedimentary facies,and the problems of geological interpretation,making the discussion of seismic resolution more complex and difficult.So,only when both seismic theories and ge- ological theories have been synthetically studied,can we compre- hensively recognize the resolution of seismic exploration.Aiming at this problem,the definition of spatially relative resolution based geological concept was proposed.Through the geological model es- tablished by 57 development wells from one oilfield,the interpreta- tion steps of such spatially relative resolution was discussed,and its difference from conventional seismic interpretation analyzed.On this basis,the main seismic techniques based on spatially relative resolution were probed.An exploration example and drilling re- sults of later stage further show that under the condition of seismic imaging data with finite bandwidth,the exploration based on spa- tially relative resolution can distinguish the reservoir thinner than 1/4 wavelength and can obtain the information of its spatial distri- bution.更多还原