【摘要】 实际地质构造具有复杂和岩层速度变化大等特点,制作相应的三维地质模型,需要有各种性质的模型材料,以满足模型与实际情况相接近的要求。为此,对几种模型材料的性质和适用范围进行了分析。一般工业材料的速度,虽然有些能与岩石速度相匹配,但却难以加工成各种各样的构造形态,而且不能满足对层与层之间胶合质量的要求。环氧树脂和合成橡胶是工业上常用的2种材料,具有液态固化特性,将两者混合在一起可得到速度连续可变的混合材料。实验表明,混合材料中硅橡胶与环氧树脂的量之比(配比ε)不同,速度可在2600～950 m/s之间变化。变化规律呈现出3种方式：配比ε在0～50%之间,混合材料的速度随硅橡胶量的增加线性降低；配比ε在60%～100%之间,速度下降的趋势变缓,速度的变化主要取决于硅橡胶的速度；配比ε在50%～60%之间,混合材料的速度范围为1350～1800 m/s,在此范围,速度受温度的影响较大,出现了不稳定现象,用柔性环氧树脂可以消除这种现象。此外,硅橡胶量多的混合材料,对横波的传播不利。利用混合材料的液态固化特性,可以根据需要,利用模具技术制作各种形态的地质构造模型,且层与层之间的胶合性质与实际地层沉积特性相似。更多还原

【Abstract】 The actual geological structure is complex and greatly change- able in horizon velocity.So,different kinds of materials are needed in making corresponding 3-D geological model to ensure the model as much similar to the actual structure as possible.Therefore,the property and applicability of several kinds of materials are ana- lyzed.Although the velocity of some ordinary industrial materials may match the rock velocity,it is hard to be processed into.all kinds of structural forms and can not satisfy the requirements of ce- ment quality between layers.Ethoxyline and elastomer are two general industrial materials with the feature of liquid solidification. So mixing the two together can get a mixed material with continu- ously variable velocity.The experiment shows that,with the change of silastic/ethoxyline ratio (weight ratioε) in the mixed material,the velocity changes in 2600～950 m/s.Whenεis 0～50%,the velocity of the mixed material has a linear decrease as the increase of silastic;Whenεis 60%～100 (the silastic is 60%), the velocity still keeps decreasing,but the decreasing rate becomes slower and slower,showing that the change of the velocity is deter- mined by the velocity of silastic;Whenεis 50%～60%,the veloci- ty of the mixed material is 1350～1800 m/s.In this case,the ve- locity is not stable and is mainly influenced by the temperature.U- sing some flexible ethoxyline can prevent such situation from taking place.Moreover,the mixed material with much silastic is not ben- eficial to S-wave propagation.Therefore,the liquid solidification property of the mixed material can be applied to make all kinds of geological structure models with the cementation property among layers of the models being much similar to the actual ones.更多还原