【摘要】 采用共沉淀法制备了La₂O₂CO₃-NiO固体碱催化剂,用于甲醇与棕榈油酯交换反应合成生物柴油体系。采用XRD,SEM,EDS,CO₂-TPD,XPS等方法对催化剂的微观结构进行表征,并研究了催化剂的性能。实验结果表明,镧镍摩尔比为1∶1,于400℃焙烧5 h,制备的La₂O₂CO₃-NiO固体碱催化剂的催化效果最佳;在催化剂用量为4%（w）、醇油摩尔比为15∶1、反应温度为65℃、反应时间为3 h时,生物柴油的收率最大,可达94.59%;引入NiO后,改善了La₂O₂CO₃-NiO固体碱催化剂的分散性,提高了催化剂的强碱位碱量和活性; La₂O₂CO₃-NiO固体碱催化剂重复使用5次后,生物柴油的收率仍然能达到85.00%,说明La₂O₂CO₃-NiO固体碱催化剂具有较好的重复使用性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The La₂O₂CO₃-NiO solid base catalyst was prepared by coprecipitation method and applied to the system of biodiesel synthesis by transesteri?cation of methanol with palm oil. The microstructure of the catalyst was characterize by XRD,SEM,EDS,CO₂-TPD and XPS,and the performance of the catalyst was studied. The experimental results showed that the prepared La₂O₂CO₃-Ni O base catalyst had the best catalytic effect under the condition that the molar ratio of lanthanum to nickel was 1∶1 and calcination time was 5 h at 400 ℃;and the biodiesel reached a maximum yield of 94.59% when the amount of catalyst was 4%（w）,the molar ratio of methanol to oil was 15∶1,the materials reacted at 65 ℃,and for 3 h.The introduction of NiO improved the dispersibility of the La₂O₂CO₃-NiO base catalyst,the base amount at strong basic sites and catalytic activity of the La₂O₂CO₃-Ni O base catalyst. Finally,it was veri?ed by experiments that the yield of biodiesel can still reach 85.00% with the catalyst repeatedly used for 5 times,indicating that the La₂O₂CO₃-NiO solid base catalyst has good reusability.更多还原