【摘要】 文中结合数值模拟和实测数据,从分辨率、信噪比和数据处理的角度剖析了单点高密度地震数据与常规地震数据的区别,通过剖析数据处理流程各阶段的特点,对单点高密度地震数据的处理特点进行了总结,阐述了单点高密度地震数据的计算效率。认为对于单点高密度地震资料处理,需要根据小空间采样间隔、高保真、低/无假频、宽频带、低信噪比等特点选择合适的处理模块,并得出以下认识:①单点高密度采集有利于实现全波场的无假频采样,提高频带宽度,为实现无假频去噪和有效信号的高保真处理奠定基础,有利于提高复杂构造、大倾角构造和小尺度勘探目标的成像精度;②野外或室内组合法都可以有效压制面波和随机噪声,但室内组合优于野外组合,能保持更宽的频带,且使用灵活;③单点高密度数据使得现有处理软件去噪模块的去噪效果更好。更多还原

【Abstract】 By comparing numerical simulation and field data, the difference between Single point high density seismic data and regular seismic data was analyzed in resolution, Signal to Noise Ratio and data processing, the characteristics in every step of data processing was also analyzed, the processing flowchart for single point high density seismic data was summarized, and calculation efficiency of single point high density seismic data was illuminated. The authors of this paper believe that the selection of the processing modules for the single point high density seismic data should be based on its characteristics, such as small spatial sample interval, high fidelity, low/no alias, wide frequency band and low Signal to Noise Ratio, the following understanding for the data were also obtained: (1). The single point high density acquisition is in favor of realization of full wave field non-alias sampling, broadens bandwidth, and lays foundation for realization of non-alias denoising and high fidelity processing for effective signal, it is also in favor of raising the imaging accuracy for complex structures, large inclination structures and small scale exploration targets, (2). Both field array and indoor array could suppress surface wave and random noise, but the indoor array is superior as it could keeps the bandwidth and it is more flexible, and (3). Better processing results achieved for single point high density data when currently available processing modules are utilized in the processing flowchart.更多还原