【摘要】 本文基于数据一致性预测与压制自由表面多次波方法原理,研制了迭代自适应压制多次波方法,用于模型数据和海洋实际地震数据的多次波压制处理。模型试算和实际海洋地震数据处理结果表明,与现有的常规多次波消除方法相比,此方法收敛速度快,并能很好地保持有效波能量。在应用此法时,要特别注意以下几点:①基于数据一致性原理,通过时间—空间域褶积预测自由表面多次波,多次波预测算子可以是含多次波的原始数据,也可利用已部分消除多次波的数据(如抛物线拉东变换滤波方法压制多次波后的数据),这样能更快地获得较好的多次波压制效果;②在一定简化条件下,预测与压制自由表面多次波可表达为一个线性最小平方反演的过程,实现过程是一个迭代自适应过程,只需要很少的几次迭代就能获得较好的多次波压制效果;③对于地下地层结构非常复杂时的多次波压制,文中方法在更有效地压制各种自由表面相关多次波的同时,还可以压制部分层间多次波,同时也能更好地保持一次波有效能量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the principle of method for data-consistent prediction and suppression of free-surface multiple,the paper studied the method of iterative adaptive multiple suppression used for the multiple-suppressed processing of model data and practical offshore seismic data. The model test and practical offshore seismic data processing showed that in comparison with conventional multiple-eliminated method,the method is characterized by rapid convergence and better keeping the energy of effective waves. It should pay special attention to the following points when using the method:first,based on data-consistent principle and for the predicted free-surface multiple by conversion in time-space domain,the predictive operator of multiple can use the raw data containing the multiple,also can use the data partially eliminating multiple (for example,the multiple-suppressed data by hyperbolic Radon transform filtering method),which is able to gain better multiple-suppressed results; second,in a certain simplified condition,the prediction and suppression of free-surface multiple can be expressed as linear mean-square inversion process,and the implemental process is iterative adaptive process,the better multiple-suppressed results is able to be gained only from a few of iterations; third,for the multiple suppression of complex underground bed structure,the method given in the paper can also suppress the interbed multiple while effectively suppressing various free-surface-relative multiple,better keeping the energy of primary reflections.更多还原