【摘要】 地震子波提取方法总体上可分为确定性子波提取方法、统计性子波提取方法两大类。确定性子波提取方法不需要对反射系数序列的分布作任何假设,能得到较为准确的子波,但很容易受各种测井误差的影响,尤其是声波测井资料不准而引起的速度误差会导致子波振幅畸变和相位谱扭曲;统计性子波提取不需要测井信息,也可以得到子波的估计,但需要对地震资料和地下反射系数序列的分布进行某种假设,所得到子波精度与假设条件的满足程度有关。文中对确定性子波提取方法和统计性子波提取方法进行了详尽的评述,并认为可将通信工程中的子空间分解法的思想用于混合相位子波提取。子空间法混合相位子波提取基于信号和噪声子空间正交的原理,建立二次型的目标函数,不需要对地层反射系数做任何假设,因此子波提取准确度高且稳定性好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Generally,the methods of seismic wavelet pick-up can be divided into two categories: determinate wavelet pickup and statistic wavelet pickup.The determinate wavelet pickup does not need any hypothesis about the distribution of reflection coefficient sequence and obtains more accurate wavelet,but is easily affected by various logging errors,especially the velocity errors resulted from inaccurate sonic logging data can lead to distortion of amplitude and phase spectrum in wavelet; the statistic wavelet pickup does not require the logging information and also can obtain wavelet estimation,but needs to make hypothesis about seismic data and distribution of subsurface reflection coefficient sequence,and the resulted precision of wavelet is relative to the satisfied level of hypothetic conditions.The paper made detail commentary abut the methods of determinate wavelet pickup and statistic wavelet pickup,and considered that it can use the idea of subspace decomposition in communication engineering for mixed-phase wavelet pickup,which is based on the orthogonal principle of signal with noise in subspace,creates quadratic form of objective function and does not need to make any hypothesis about the reflection coefficient of strata,therefore,the wavelet pickup is characteristics of high accuracy and good stability.更多还原