【摘要】 虽然近年来肿瘤的治疗取得较大进展,乳腺癌依旧是威胁女性健康的主要杀手。近年来,乳腺癌相关的免疫治疗取得较大进展,肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞(TILs)、程序性死亡受体-1(PD-1)及其配体PD-L1、肿瘤突变负荷等肿瘤标志物对乳腺癌免疫治疗具有预测作用,并与乳腺癌的预后相关。免疫检查点抑制剂,例如PD-1/PD-L1及细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原4(CTLA-4)抑制剂在乳腺癌中取得极大进展,各期临床试验结果显示不同的效用。肿瘤疫苗的使用为乳腺癌免疫治疗的另一途径,虽然部分疫苗在临床试验中取得较好成效,但绝大多数仍需深入研究,乳腺癌免疫治疗之途仅为开端,依旧需要大量研究。本文简要介绍了乳腺癌免疫治疗相关的生物标志物、免疫检查点抑制剂以及肿瘤疫苗的研究进展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Despite dramatic advance in cancer therapeutic treatments,breast cancer remains the most common cancer in women. Over the last decade,the development of immunotherapy has led to a paradigm shift in the treatment of breast cancer,especially in some subsets of breast cancer. Depending on the various subtypes of breast cancer,tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes,programmed death-1( PD-1)/PD-L1 and tumor mutation burden are not only predictive of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors,but also prognostic for survival. To this point the main clinical use of immunotherapy in breast cancer is the inhibition of two important immune checkpoints,PD-1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4( CTLA-4). The development was achieved in the monoclonal antibodies used to block those two checkpoints. Recently,evidences from several clinical trials demonstrated that breast cancer could respond to single or combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors with a small population reaping considerable beneficial clinical outcomes. Although part of breast cancer vaccines are used for primary or secondary prevention and some are used for therapeutic,it still needs further research for their clinical significance. Immunotherapy in breast cancer is still on its early age and there is a long way to go. The predictive and prognostic implications of the biomarkers for tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes,PD-1/PD-L1 and tumor mutation burden etc are summarized, and the research progresses of biomarkers,immunosuppressants and tumor vaccines related to immunotherapy for breast cancer were briefly introduced.更多还原