【摘要】 探明土壤生物多营养级相互作用是了解生态功能调控机制的核心。本研究通过调控土壤线虫的典型功能团的完全交互设计(食微线虫有无、植食线虫有无、捕杂食线虫有无)探索了线虫功能团对水稻(Oryzasativa)生长及褐飞虱(Nilaparvata lugens)数量的影响。结果表明,与不接种线虫相比,植食线虫显著增加水稻根系生物量(P<0.05),显著增加其茎叶总酚含量(P <0.05);单独的食微线虫增加了褐飞虱数量(P <0.05),但显著降低水稻根系生物量(P <0.05);捕杂食线虫促进水稻茎叶生长,降低了褐飞虱数量;当食微、植食和捕杂食线虫同时存在时,植物茎叶及根系总酚含量均处于较高水平,暗示其抗虫潜力更强。总之,处于较高营养级的捕杂食线虫能够通过调控植食和食微线虫的数量,提高植物的防御能力,暗示土壤生物调控措施在植物地上部病原物防控方面有重要的前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soil multitrophic interactions are the keystone of understanding mechanisms of ecological function. In order to test the effect of nematode functional guilds on rice growth and Nilaparvata lugens abundance, a pot experiment was conducted by growing rice with a complete factorial design manipulating microbivores(microbivorous nematodes), herbivores(herbivorous nematodes) and omnivore-carnivores(omnivore-carnivorous nematodes). Results showed that compared with no nematodes, herbivores significantly increased rice root biomass(P < 0.05) and total shoot phenolic content(P < 0.05). The microbivores significantly increased N. lugens abundance and significantly reduced root biomass(P < 0.05).Omnivore-carnivores promoted rice shoot growth(P < 0.05), decreased the number of N. lugens(P < 0.05).Higher total phenolic content occurred in treatment receiving all three nematode functional guilds, suggesting stronger potential for insect resistance. In conclusion, organisms at higher trophic levels, such as omnivore-carnivores, could promote plant defense and suppress aboveground herbivory via regulating the herbivores and microbivores. Soil biota managements play central roles in control of trophic level diversity.更多还原