【摘要】 根据2015年11月(秋季)、2016年2月(冬季)、2016年5月(春季)和2016年8月(夏季)对浙南近海进行4个航次的底拖网调查资料,运用相对重要性指数、生态位宽度、生态位重叠等指标,结合典范对应分析(CCA)对该海域虾类优势种及其生态位进行分析。结果表明:研究海域共有虾类优势种12种,隶属于5科,9属;优势种空间、时间和时空等生态位宽度范围分别为0.98～6.16、0.16～1.34和0.45～7.64;中华管鞭虾利用生境资源的能力最强,鲜明鼓虾最弱;日本鼓虾与鲜明鼓虾的生态位重叠值最大,表明两者对资源的利用具有相似性;作为中上层浮游性种类的中国毛虾和河口洄游性的周氏新对虾,两者分别在空间和时间维度上与其他种类产生生态位分化;影响该海区优势种虾类分布的主要环境因子是水体中的有机物、叶绿素a和悬浮物,这与虾类的摄食习性有关;温度对群落的影响较小,因为广温广盐种在优势种组成中占优势;中国毛虾和鲜明鼓虾作为广温低盐生态类群,受盐度的影响较大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the fishery resource data from the bottom trawl surveys conducted in the Zhejiang coastal area in November 2015( autumn),February 2016( winter),May 2016( spring)and August 2016( summer),we analyzed the ecological niche of dominant shrimp species using index of relative importance( IRI),niche breadth and niche overlap and canonical correspondence analysis( CCA). The results showed that there were 12 dominant shrimp species,belonging to 5 families and 9 genera. The spatial,temporal and spatiotemporal niche breadth of dominant shrimps ranged from 0.98-6.16,0.16-1.34 and 0.45-7.64,respectively. Solenocera crassicornis had the strongest capacity to use resources,whereas Alpheus digitalis was the least. The niche overlap value between Alpheus japonicus and Alpheus digitalis was the highest,indicating that these species were highly similar in resource utilization. Acetes chinensis( a pelagic-and-middle planktonic species) and Metapenaeus joyneri( a migratory shrimp in estuaries) had niche differentiation with other species in spatial and temporal dimensions. Organic matter,chlorophyll a,and suspended matter in water were the main factors driving the distribution of dominant species,which was associated with food habits. Temperature had slight effects on shrimp community due to the great dominance of eurythermal and euryhaline species. Salinity had substantial impacts on the eurythermal and hypohaline species,Acetes chinensis and Alpheus digitalis.更多还原