【摘要】 为研究密云水库上游冀北山区生态水源保护林的生长现状和涵养水源能力,以油松×落叶松(林地Ⅰ)、油松×山杏(林地Ⅱ)、油松×蒙古栎(林地Ⅲ)、侧柏×山杏(林地Ⅳ)4种混交林为研究对象,通过测定林下枯落物层和土壤层特征,分析比较不同林地枯落物和土壤的持水能力及林地水源涵养能力。研究结果表明:枯落物现存量为林地Ⅱ>林地Ⅳ>林地Ⅰ>林地Ⅲ,林地Ⅱ的枯落物层有效持水量最大,为81.30 t/hm~2,林地Ⅰ最小。土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度和非毛管孔隙度最大的均为林地Ⅳ,分别为56.02%、50.26%和5.76%,林地Ⅳ的土壤层有效持水量最大,为1507.90 t/hm~2,林地Ⅲ最小。综合4种林地的枯落物层和土壤层持水能力,可知林地Ⅳ(侧柏×山杏)的水源涵养能力最强,为157.43 mm,林地Ⅲ(油松×蒙古栎)最弱。更多还原

【Abstract】 To study the growth status and water conservation capacity of water conservation forests in the mountainous areas of northern Hebei in the upper reaches of the Miyun Reservoir, four mixed forests, Pinus tabulaeformis × Larix(woodland I), Pinus tabulaeformis × Apricot(woodland II), Pinus tabulaeformis × Quercus mongolica(woodland III), and Platycladus orientalis × Apricot(woodland IV), were studied. Through the analysis of the characteristics of the litter layer and soil layer under the forests, the water-holding capacity of the litter and soil and the water conservation capacity of the forest land were analysed and compared. The results showed that the existing litter amount was in the order of woodland II > woodland IV > woodland I > woodland III. The litter layer of woodland II had the largest effective water-holding capacity, which was 81.30 t/hm~2, and that of woodland I had the lowest water-holding capacity. Soil total porosity, capillary porosity, and non-capillary porosity were the highest in woodland IV(56.02%, 50.26%, and 5.76%, respectively). The soil layer of woodland IV had the most effective water-holding capacity, which was 1507.90 t/hm~2, and that of woodland III had the lowest water-holding capacity. Upon determining the water-holding capacities of the litter and soil layers of the four woodlands, the water conservation capacity was determined to be the strongest in woodland IV(P. orientalis × Apricot), 157.43 mm, and weakest in woodland III(P. tabulaeformis × Q. mongolica).更多还原