【摘要】 绿色基础设施(green infrastructure, GI)可提供高效且可获取的洪水调节服务,其供需测度是提升服务水平的基础与前提,可为城市土地利用与绿色基础设施规划提供决策依据。以GI洪水调节服务供需为研究对象,梳理GI洪水调节服务供需的概念内涵、主体构成和尺度关系。回顾了GI洪水调节服务供需测度方法,包括土地利用测度法、生态系统测度法和洪水调蓄模型法等供应水平测度方法,以及风险评估法、洪水淹没模型法和经济损失法等需求水平测度方法。基于生态系统服务的供需关系,构建了GI洪水调节服务供需分析框架,通过供需数量均衡和空间匹配将供需关系分为四种情景,对应服务动态平衡、调整服务供需水平和服务流动机制3种调控手段。从服务测度重点、动态变化分析、供需阈值效能、服务流动机制等四个方面提出了未来研究方向,以期对绿色基础设施规划研究和生态系统服务管理与决策研究有所启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 Green infrastructure can provide efficient and accessible flood regulation ecosystem services; the measurement of supply and demand is the basis and prerequisite for improving ecosystem services and can provide decision-making information for land use planning and green infrastructure planning. This paper elaborates on the flood regulation ecosystem services of green infrastructure, including the conceptual connotation, main body composition, and relationship for each scale of supply and demand. Various methods of measurement for flood regulation service supply and demand are reviewed; the methods for supply measurement include land use method, ecosystem methods, and the flood storage model, while the methods for demand include the risk assessment method, flood submerged model, and economic loss statistics. Based on the existing research on the supply and demand of ecosystem services, we envisage a supply and demand analysis framework for flood regulation services. Through quantity balance and space matching for supply and demand, the relationship of supply and demand is divided into four scenarios. For each scenario, there are three regulation strategies: regulation for supply and demand toward dynamic balance, adjustment of supply and demand for quantity match, and service flow mechanism for the spatial match. Finally, we summarize deficiencies in the current research and propose future research directions with the aim of enlightening research on green infrastructure planning and ecosystem service management and decision-making.更多还原