【摘要】 [目的]揭示不同草本植物对长柄扁桃林地土壤养分和酶活性的影响规律,为煤矿塌陷区的植被恢复与生态建设提供理论依据。[方法]以6种林草复合配置模式(沙打旺+长柄扁桃(SC)、草木樨+长柄扁桃(CC)、苜蓿+长柄扁桃(MC)、红豆草+长柄扁桃(HC)、小冠花+长柄扁桃(XC)),长柄扁桃纯林(CK))林地土壤为研究对象,采用田间小区试验方法,测定0—60 cm土壤养分和酶活性指标。[结果]①不同复合模式有机质含量比对照均显著增加,表现为:MC>CC>SC>XC>HC>CK,全氮、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾与有机质变化趋势相似,MC,CC和SC模式增加较为明显,XC和HC模式增加较少;②除脲酶外,土壤酶活性在不同复合配置模式间差异显著,SC,CC和MC 3种模式明显优于HC和XC;③土壤蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶与有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷呈显著正相关,脲酶与速效磷显著正相关,土壤酶活性与养分间关系紧密,可用来表征土壤改良效果。[结论]研究区选用沙打旺+长柄扁桃、草木樨+长柄扁桃、苜蓿+长柄扁桃3种林草配置模式对土壤养分积累和酶活性促进具有明显改善作用,因此选用以上3种配置模式更有利于榆林煤矿塌陷地植被恢复。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] The effects of different herbaceous plants on soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities in the Amygdalus pedunculata were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for vegetation restoration and ecological construction in the subsidence area of coal mines. [Methods] 6 kinds of forest and grass combined cropping patterns [Astragalus adsurgens+Amygdalus pedunculata(SC), Melilotus suaveolens+Amygdalus pedunculata(CC), Medicago sativa+Amygdalus pedunculata(MC), Onobrychis viciifolia+ Amygdalus pedunculata(HC), Coronilla varia+Amygdalus pedunculata(XC), Amygdalus pedunculata(CK)] were used as the research objects. The field plot test method analysis was used to determine the nutrient and soil enzyme activity index of 0—60 cm soil. [Results] ① The organic matter content of different configuration modes significantly increased compared with the control, which was characterized by MC>CC>SC>XC>HC>CK, the trends of total nitrogen, alkali nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter were similar, and the MC, CC and SC was more obvious, and there was a much smaller increase in HC and XC; ② In addition to urease, the soil enzyme activity was significantly different among different compound configuration modes. The three modes of MC, CC and SC were significantly better than HC and XC; ③ Soil sucrase, catalase and alkaline phosphatase positively correlated with organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali nitrogen and available phosphorus. Urease positively correlated with available phosphorus, and soil enzyme activity and nutrients were closely related. It used to characterize soil improvement effects. [Conclusion] The three forest grass configurations modes of MC, CC and SC had improved the soil nutrient accumulation and enzyme activity. The above three modes should be used to carry out certain vegetation restoration in the subsided land of Yulin coal mine.更多还原