【摘要】 针对重点生态功能区开展监测与评价对于生态保护和环境治理的意义重大。以广东省第一批被纳入生态补偿区域的11个国家重点生态功能区为研究区,采用2011年至2015年的5期Landsat卫星遥感影像,通过目视解译的方法提取研究区的土地利用/覆盖类型,并结合野外核查及统计资料,分析了该11个县域的生态功能状况现状及其变化。结果表明:(1)2015年全部11个县域的生态功能状况均为优或良级别,但相互之间具有一定的区域差异性。生态功能状况指数(FEI)最高的是乳源瑶族自治县,为71.11,最低的是南雄市,为61.20。(2)2015年与2011年相比,广东省11个国家重点生态功能区的功能状况指数变化幅度(ΔFEI)为–0.50—2.50。仁化县、乳源瑶族自治县、南雄市、平远县、蕉岭县、龙川县和连平县等7个县域的生态功能状况无明显变化(|ΔFEI|<1);始兴县、兴宁县及和平县等3个县域的生态功能状况略微变化(1≤|ΔFEI|<2),其中,始兴县和兴宁县2015年的生态功能状况略微优于2011年(1≤ΔFEI<2),而和平县2015年的生态功能状况略微变差(–1≥ΔFEI>–2);另外,乐昌市2015年的生态功能状况明显变好(2≤ΔFEI<4)。(3)2011年至2015年期间,全部县域的生态功能状况保持稳定,其变化趋势均不显著(|Rs|≤0.9)。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is very important for ecological protection and environmental governance to carry out the project of monitoring and evaluation of the key ecological function zones. This study analyzed the ecological function statuses and the ecological function change of 11 national key ecological function zones in Guangdong Province, which were chosen as the first 11 ecological compensation regions in Guangdong Province. Land use/cover data extracted from Landsat series images by visual interpretation, field inspection data, and statistical data from 2011 to 2015 were used in this study. The results showed that:(1) in2015, the ecological function statuses of the 11 regions were all excellent or good but still had regional differences. The Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County had the highest ecological function index(FEI=71.11) while the Nanxiong City had the lowest FEI(61.20).(2) Compared to 2011, the change rates of FEI in 11 national key ecological function zones were ranging from -0.50 to 2.50 in 2015. 7 counties almost had no change in ecological function statuses(|ΔFEI|<1), such as the Renhua County. In addition, 3 counties changed slightly in ecological function status(1≤|ΔFEI|<2). Among these counties, Shixing County and Xingning County had a better ecological function status(1≤ΔFEI<2) while the ecological function status in Heping got worse(-1≥ΔFEI>-2);Moreover, the ecological function status in Lechang City got better significantly than before(2≤ΔFEI<4).(3) From 2011 to 2015,the ecological function statuses of all the counties remained stable and without obvious variation trend(-0.9<R_s<0.9).更多还原