【摘要】 随着城市化进程加快,森林生态系统日趋遭到破坏,进行景观格局研究有利于认识其潜在规律与驱动机制。论文综合运用景观指数与点格局方法,研究珠三角林地景观的"镶嵌性"和"梯度性"特征,对珠江三角洲林地结构现状、景观梯度的林地点个数、点密度以及空间聚集特征进行量化分析并探讨林地景观空间分布模式。计算结果表明:珠江三角洲林地面积较大,构成了研究区的景观基质。林地点个数和点密度在景观梯度上,呈正态或偏正态分布;林地景观在不同空间尺度上都呈聚集分布,但不同林地类型聚集尺度和空间分布强度不尽相同。在空间分布模式上,研究区大尺度以有林地基质分布模式为主;中小尺度下,不同地域分别呈现出以有林地连片—疏林地呈条带状、有林地基质—灌木林地团块状为主的分布模式。研究结果说明林地景观结构具有尺度依赖性且为层次结构复杂的系统,印证了景观生态学的尺度效应和等级理论普遍存在,景观指数和点格局相结合的方法在研究林地景观格局中具有有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the acceleration of urbanization and the destruction of forest ecosystem, the study of landscape pattern is helpful for the understanding of its potential law and driving mechanism. In this paper, we firstly studied the characteristics of "mosaicism" and "gradient"of woodland landscape, then we quantitatively analyzed current situation of woodland structure, the point numbers and densities of woodland within the landscape gradient and the spatial aggregation characteristics. Finally, we discussed spatial distribution pattern of woodland landscape in the Pearl River Delta. The results showed that the woodland covered a large area in the Pearl River Delta and became the base landscape of the study area. The point numbers of woodland were normally distributed while point density values were skewed normally distributed within the landscape gradient. The woodland landscape showed different aggregation distributions in variable spatial scales and spatial distribution intensities. In terms of spatial distribution pattern, the main pattern of forest land as substrate was observed on large scale of the study area. However, different regions showed patterns of forest land as substrate with sparse woodland zonal distribution and forest land contiguous distribution with shrubbery land mass distribution on medium and small scales. As indicated above, woodland landscape is a complex system with scale dependence and hierarchical structure, which confirms the scale effect and hierarchy theory of the Landscape Ecology. The combination of landscape indices and point pattern is effective in studying woodland landscape pattern.更多还原