【摘要】 生态系统服务的持续供给是社会和自然可持续发展的物质基础,人类对生态系统服务的需求和消费必须在生态系统的最大承载能力范围之内,因此,生态系统服务供给、消费研究与生态承载力评价密不可分。文章在已有研究基础上,基于生态系统服务理论,探索提出了基于生态系统服务供给和消费的生态承载力概念、评价指标和方法,并以延庆区为案例区开展了实证研究。研究结果表明:（1）延庆区不同生态系统服务的承载状况差异较大,其中,除植物油外的食物供给服务、水资源供给服务、释氧服务、COD和SO₂净化服务均处于盈余状态;氨氮净化、NO_x净化、烟粉尘净化服务和碳固定服务均处于超载状态。（2）在不考虑食物供给服务指标的情况下,仅4个乡镇未超载,其余乡镇均为超载状态,且严重超载的乡镇多位于人口密集和城镇化水平较高的平原地区。更多还原

【Abstract】 The continuous supply of ecosystem services are the material basis for sustainable development of nature and society, which means that human being’s needs and consumptions for ecosystem services must be below the range of the maximum ecological carrying capacity. As a result, the evaluation of ecological carrying capacity is closely connected and inseparable with the research of ecosystem service supply and consumption. In this paper, on the basis of existing researchs, the concept, evaluation indicators and methods of ecological carrying capacity based on the supply and consumption of ecosystem services were proposed, and Yanqing District was selected for the case study. The results show that:（1） The ecological carrying capacity of different ecosystem services in Yanqing District varied a lot. Food supply services, water resource supply services, oxygen release services, COD and SO₂ purification services except vegetable oils were all in surplus situation. In contrast, Ammonia nitrogen purification, NO_x purification, smoke and dust purification services and carbon fixation services were overloaded.（2）Neglecting food supply service, only four towns were not overloaded, and other villages and towns were all overloaded. The seriously overloaded areas were mostly located in plain areas with dense population and higher level of urbanization.更多还原