【摘要】 针对高度城市化的平原河网地区水环境容量影响因素的复杂性,以太湖流域锡澄地区为例,结合2005—2014年的水位、雨量、水质监测数据,采用基于设计流量控制的完全混合法,选择该地区水体污染因子具有较大研究价值的总磷（TP）和高锰酸盐指数(COD_Mn)的水环境容量进行了计算和分析。结果表明:（1） TP水环境容量的季节性差异较为明显,呈现出秋季较高,冬季较低的特征;COD_Mn四季水环境容量总体上均满足水功能区划要求的水质目标,COD_Mn水环境容量的季节性差异不明显,夏、秋季略高于春季。（2）除时间因素外,引水量对水环境容量影响也较大,对典型河道锡澄运河,水环境容量变化趋势与其一致,引水量越大,TP和COD_Mn的水环境容量也越大,"引江济太"工程的启动对于改善平原河网的水质有一定作用。（3）根据各河流两种污染物的水环境容量在典型年份间的差异,北兴塘河和古运河对于磷的纳污能力明显低于对于有机物的容纳能力。因此,在夏、秋季节,对太湖流域TP和有机污染物的治理要进一步加强,可通过一些调水工程对水体中两种污染物的水环境容量进行调控,将有助于太湖流域的水质治理以及河道水环境容量的控制与分配。更多还原

【Abstract】 In view of the complexity of the influencing factors of water environmental capacity in the highly urbanized plain river network area, taking Xicheng area of Taihu Lake Basin as an example, we calculated and analyzed the water environmental capacity of the total phosphorus（TP） and permanganate index(COD_Mn) by using the complete mixing method based on design flow control combined with the monitoring data of water level, rainfall and water quality data from 2005 to 2014. The results showed that:（1） the seasonal difference of TP water environmental capacity was obvious, showing higher level in autumn and lower level in winter; the water environmental capacity of COD_Mn in four seasons generally met the water quality objectives of water functional zoning requirements; the seasonal difference of COD_Mn water environmental capacity was not obvious, and it was slightly higher in summer and autumn than in spring;（2） in addition to time factors, the water diversion volume had a greater impact on water environmental capacity; for the typical Xicheng Area, the trend of water environmental capacity was the same to the water diversion volume; the larger the water diversion volume was, the larger the water environmental capacity of pollutants was; the start-up of the project of diversion from the Yangtze River to the Taihu Basin had a certain role in improving the water quality of the plain river network;（3） according to the differences of water environmental capacities of the two pollutants in different typical years, the phosphorus capacities of the Beixingtang River and the ancient canal were significantly lower than those of the organic pollutants.更多还原