【摘要】 生态系统服务对人类生活具有十分重大的影响,研究生态系统服务价值有助于了解生态系统服务功能变化过程。文章利用修正后的中国陆地单位面积生态系统服务价值量表,结合2000年、2015年两期土地利用/覆被数据估算淇河流域生态系统服务价值,从地形梯度上分析流域内2000—2015年生态系统服务价值变化,深入探讨地形起伏度上生态系统服务价值空间特征。结果表明:(1) 2000—2015年淇河流域内以林地、草地和耕地面积为主,研究时段内耕地减幅最大(29 671.64 hm~2),草地面积增幅最大(8 854.38 hm~2),未利用地单一动态度最高为632.14%;(2) 2000—2015年研究区生态系统服务价值减少0.14亿元,耕地ESV在200～400 m高程分级上减幅最大(4 464.64万元),坡度分级上>35°林地ESV减幅最明显(4 293万元),水域ESV在微起伏地区增益最多(5 940万元)、林地ESV在中起伏地区减少5 492万元和微起伏地区增益3 967万元;(3)单项生态系统服务价值在地形梯度上损益存在差异,增益最大为水源涵养、土壤形成与保护减损最明显;(4)各项生态系统服务功能对研究区生态系统服务总价值贡献等级保持稳定,依次排序为支持服务>调节服务>供给服务>文化服务;敏感性指数均小于1,表明生态系统服务价值对价值系数缺乏弹性,研究结果具有稳健性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ecosystem services have very significant impact on human life. Study of the value of ecosystem services is helpful to understand the changing process of ecosystem services. Based on the revised Chinese terrestrial ecosystem service value scale combined with the land use/cover data of the years of 2000 and 2015, was estimated ecosystem service value(ESV) of Qihe River basin, analyzed the basin ESV change from 2000 to 2015 according to the characteristics of terrain gradient, discussed space structure change of ecosystem service value with the variation of relief. The results show that:(1) from 2000 to 2015, the Qihe River Basin was dominated by woodland, grassland and cultivated land, with the largest decrease of cultivated land(29 671.64 hm~2), the largest increase of grassland area(8 854.38 hm~2), and the highest dynamic attitude of single unused land(632.14%);(2) ESV of the study area reduced by 0.14 billion in the period 2000—2015, the ESV of cultivated land in elevation 200～400 m classification declined significantly(44.646 4 million yuan), the ESV of water body in 400～600 m elevation increased greatly(23.548 8 million yuan), ESV of woodland with >35° slope declined significantly(42.93 million yuan), the most obvious ESV of cultivated land decreased by 37.2 million yuan in flat area, ESV of water body increased by 59.4 million yuan in micro-undulating area, ESV of woodland decreased by 54.92 million yuan in medium-undulating area, and gained 39.67 million yuan in micro-undulating area;(3) the value of individual ecosystem services is not consistent in the degree of increase or decrease in the topographic gradient, in which the largest increase in the value of ecosystem services results from water conservation, and the largest decrease contributes to soil formation and protection;(4) the value contribution level of each ecosystem service function to ecosystem service remains stable, the level decreases in the order: support service>regulation service>supply service> cultural service; the sensitivity indexes are all less than 1, indicating that the ecosystem service value is inelastic to the value coefficient, and the research results are robust.更多还原