【摘要】 大渡河流域中上游地区是长江上游重要的生态屏障和功能区,及时掌握其生态环境脆弱性真实状况,有助于实现区域生态环境的保护。研究从地形、气候、植被等方面选择9个指标,同时将GIS技术与AHP-PCA熵组合权重模型相结合,完成了大渡河中上游地区2000—2015年不同时期的生态环境脆弱性评价与分析。结果表明:(1)研究区生态环境脆弱性呈现出明显的垂直梯度变化,由南向北脆弱度逐渐降低。(2)将脆弱性指数分5个等级,各等级间面积比例差异明显,表现为微度>轻度>潜在>中度>重度,轻度及以下脆弱区面积比例达到全区的80%以上,其整体处于中等脆弱水平。(3)研究时期内该地区各时段的生态环境脆弱性综合指数分别为2.552 1,2.541 0,2.517 0,2.494 9,其整体呈现明显好转的发展趋势。(4)流域中上游地区生态环境的好转,主要得益于国家系列生态环境保护与重建工程的实施,同时水电资源的大量开发也对其脆弱性的加剧产生一定影响。(5)研究针对该地区生态环境恢复重建,结合区域实际将其分为3个治理区并分别提出相应建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The middle-upper reaches of the Dadu River Basin are important ecological barriers and functional areas in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and it is helpful to realize the protection of regional ecological environment to grasp the real situation of its ecological environment vulnerability in time. We select nine indexes from topography, climate, vegetation and so on, and combine GIS technology and AHP-PCA entropy combination weight model to complete the evaluation and analysis of ecological environment vulnerability in the study area in different period 2000—2015. The following results are obtained.(1) The vulnerability of ecological environment in watershed area shows obvious vertical gradient change, and the vulnerability of south to north gradually decreases.(2) In the study, the vulnerability index can be divided into five grades, the difference of the area between the different grades are obvious, the degree of mild and the potential to moderate, and the area of light and following vulnerable areas reach up to more than 80% of the whole region, which is at the level of the medium vulnerability.(2) During the study period, the comprehensive indexes of ecological environment vulnerability in different periods were 2.552 1, 2.541 0, 2.517 0 and 2.494 9, respectively, and the overall development trend of the region showed the obvious improvement.(4) The improvement of ecological environment in the middle and upper reaches of the basin was mainly due to the implementation of the national series of ecological environmental protection and reconstruction projects, and the extensive development of hydropower resources also had a certain impact on the intensification of its vulnerability.(5) Finally, the study aims at the restoration and reconstruction of ecological environment in this area, the area can be divided into 3 harnessing regions in terms of the situation of the area, and corresponding suggestions on each harnessing region are put forward.更多还原