【摘要】 随着"放管服"改革的深入,对超大型弃渣场的监控已成为水土保持监测工作的最主要关注点之一。作者将视频监控与调查监测、地面观测、无人机遥感等技术相融合,构建了针对超大型弃渣场的水土保持监控方案。首先,根据监控内容,提出了监控总体思路。然后,重点从3方面阐述了视频监控关键技术:信息采集由前端单元摄像头完成,摄像头应根据现场合理布设;信息存储由前端单元内大容量存储硬盘实现,信息传输基于4G无线网络,能自动判别定时或选择性传输;信息管理与使用基于中心管理平台,平台接收、存储、汇总及分析信息,实现客户端单元对弃渣场的有效监控。最后,探讨了不同方法的融合:基于中心管理平台,不同来源信息存储为数据层,然后经逻辑关联,形成统一接口的特征层,再按监控要求,计算输出具体监控指标的决策层,同时可输出水土保持监测季度、年度、总结性或专题成果。本文构建的方法简便、实用,可切实提高超大型弃渣场水土保持监测技术水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Background] Along with deepening of the Ecological Civilization and the reform of Streamlining Administration, Delegating Power, Strengthening Regulation and Improving Services,effective supervising of disposed slags,especially the super large disposal areas,becomes one of the most important technical focuses in soil and water conservation monitoring. At present,based on the combined techniques of remote sensing,UAV and ground observation,monitoring of soil and water conservation has gained great achievements. However,subjecting to limitations of endurance and flying requirements,the existing technologies could not provide real-time and effective monitoring results for super large disposal areas. [Methods]Technologies of video surveillance,survey monitoring,ground observation and UAV remote sensing were combined to establish a supervising scheme of soil and water conservation for super large disposal areas according to related technical specification and regulations. Because methods of survey monitoring,ground observation and UAV remote sensing have been proverbially understood by technicians,the key technical points of video surveillance were selectively expounded. [Results] 1)First,a general scheme of soil and water conservation monitoring was put forward for super large slag disposal field. 2) Then,the video surveillance technologies were stated from three aspects: information collection,information storage and transmission,and information management and use. Information collection is accomplished by the front-end camera,and the cameras should be arranged reasonably according to the disposal area scene. Information storage is completed by the large capacity storage hard disk installed in the front-end camera. Information transmission is based on the 4 G wireless network technology,information is computed to determine timing or selective transmission,and the computation is carried out with the intelligent monitoring software installed in the front-end camera. Information management and use is accomplished by the information management centre. The centre receives,stores,aggregates and analyzes information transferred from the front-end unit camera. Based on the centre,the information from the client unit can be exchanged with that from the front-end camera,and then the client unit may effectively monitor the slag disposed field. 3) Finally,the integration of video surveillance technology and other methods is analyzed. Based on the information management centre,different types of data information are divided into 3 categories: data layer,feature layer and decision layer. The data layer is original information,and the feature layer is formed by logical association of original information,which has a unified data format. The decision layer is the result of soil and water conservation monitoring,which is acquired from the feature layer computation. It corresponds to specific indicators.Based on the decision level,the information management centre outputs the monitoring results of soil and water conservation,including quarterly results,annual results,summative results or thematic results. At the same time,the centre can realize three-dimensional browsing,analysis and in-situ monitoring of the slag field. [Conclusions] The established scheme can be used in practical soil and water conservation supervising for super large disposal areas,and it is simple and practical. More importantly,it can effectively improve the monitoring skill of super large disposal areas,as to promote the construction and development of ecological civilization in China.更多还原