【摘要】 随着人们对地下空间的不断开发、利用,深大基坑逐渐增多.深大基坑施工技术较为复杂,施工过程中存在的风险因素较多,一旦风险发生损失严重,因此,对深大基坑风险进行评估十分必要.首先,介绍深大基坑风险评估的主要方法及研究不足,通过文献研究及专家调查法识别深大基坑施工过程中存在的主要风险;其次,采用AHP确定评估指标主观权重,采用熵权法确定指标客观权重,根据最小熵原理将主客观权重进行组合,获得最终权重.基于该权重建立深大基坑施工风险评估可拓模型,模型综合考虑了风险发生的概率及带来的损失,将风险定级;最后,结合某地铁站深大基坑进行实例研究,得出深大基坑施工过程中风险等级为u4级,即风险较高的结论,并给出了一些合理建议.更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous development and utilization of the underground space,the deep and large foundation pit is gradually increasing. The construction technology of deep and large foundation pit is rather complex. There are many risk factors in the process of construction. Once the risk occurs, the loss is serious, it is necessary to evaluate the risk of deep and large foundation pit. First, the main methods and research deficiencies of risk assessment for deep and large foundation pit are introduced. Through literature research and expert investigation, the main risks in the process of deep and large foundation pit construction are identified.Secondly, the subjective weight of evaluation index is determined by AHP. The objective weight of index is determined by entropy weight method. The weight of subjective and objective is combined according to the principle of minimum entropy weight, and the final weight is obtained. Based on this weight, a risk assessment extension model for deep and large foundation pit construction is established, which takes risk and probability of risk into account and determines the risk.Finally, a case study on a deep and large foundation pit of a subway station is carried out, and the conclusion is drawn that the risk level of the deep and large foundation pit construction is u₄ level, that is, the risk is high, and some reasonable suggestions are given.更多还原