【摘要】 目的所谓哨点医院是指为加强流行病或传染性疾病控制和预防而设置的具备一定监测能力的医院。随着人们生活水平的提高,食源性疾病受到越来越多的关注。本研究通过对潍坊市2014-2018年食源性疾病哨点医院监测结果进行分析,掌握全市食源性疾病的发病及流行趋势,为食源性疾病的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法收集2014-2018年潍坊市哨点医院上报的食源性疾病监测数据,包括患者基本信息、症状和体征、初步诊断、暴露信息等,建立数据库并描述病例的分布特征,分析引起食源性疾病的相关因素。结果潍坊市哨点医院共197家,2014-2018年共上报食源性疾病患者48 179例。发病人数最多的年龄组为45～岁7 979例(16.56%),其次为25～岁年龄组7 817例(16.22%),发病人数最少的为85～岁年龄组640例(1.33%)。发病人数最多的职业为农民25 117例(52.13%),其次为学生4 905例(10.18%)和工人3 839例(7.97%)。报告病例数最多的临床症状为腹泻35 434例(23.24%),其次分别为腹痛33 391例(21.94%)、恶心26 989例(17.73%)和呕吐20 778例(13.65%)。可疑暴露食品中,比例最大的为水果类及其制品14 876例(30.88%);可疑进食场所,以家庭为主共42 146例(87.47%);发病时间以7～9月份最多24 154例(50.13%)。结论潍坊市哨点医院上报食源性疾病农民较多,腹泻为主要症状,夏秋季为高发季节,应加强对重点人群和季节的宣传教育,积极开展有效的防控措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE Sentinel hospitals are hospitals with surveillance capabilities designed to strengthen the control and prevention of epidemic or infectious diseases.With the improvement of people′s living standards,more attention has been paid to foodborne diseases.With the improvement of people′s living standard,foodborne diseases are getting more attention.This study analyzed the monitoring results of foodborne disease sentinel hospitals in Weifang City from~2014 to 2018,to master the incidence and epidemic trend of foodborne diseases,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases.METHODS Surveillance data was collected from sentinel hospitals in Weifang from 2014 to 2018.Including basic information,symptoms and signs,preliminary diagnosis,exposure information,etc.Established a database and describe the distribution characteristics of cases,and analyzed for relevant factors of foodborne disease.RESULTS There were 197 sentinel hospitals in Weifang,and 48 179 cases of foodborne diseases were reported from 2014 to 2018.The number of cases was mainly in the 45-age group 7 979 cases(16.56%),followed by 7 817 cases(16.22%)in the age group of 25-age,the lowest incidence was 640 cases(1.33%)in 85-age group.The occupations with the highest incidence were farmers 25 117 cases(52.13%),followed by students 4 905 cases(10.18%),and workers3 839 cases(7.97%).The most reported clinical symptoms were diarrhea in 35 434 cases(23.24%),followed by abdominal pain in 33 391 cases(21.94%),nausea in 26 989 cases(17.73%)and vomiting in 20 778 cases(13.65%).Among the foods suspected of exposure,the largest proportion was 14 876 cases(30.88%)of fruits and their products.A total of42 146 cases(87.47%)were found in suspicious eating places.The onset time was 24 154 cases(50.13%)from July to September.CONCLUSION The foodborne diseases reported by the sentinel hospital are mainly farmers in Weifang.Diarrhea is the main symptom,summer and autumn are high seasons.It is necessary to strengthen propaganda and education for key groups,actively carry out effective prevention and control measures.更多还原