【摘要】 水电站(坝)对下游生态环境造成的负面影响引起了各方的高度关注,但我国尚未有相应的制度来规范退役论证、环境影响评价、决策及社会影响补偿等环节的工作。梳理了国际大坝委员会和美国土木工程学会发布的两部水电站大坝退役导则在理念、技术论证与环境评价、生态修复和社会效果、遵循的法律制度和申报审批等环节的特点,简要介绍分析了美国西部2条河流上6座水电站(坝)退役论证情况及相应启示,提出了亟待建立适合中国水电站(坝)退役机制等方面的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The negative impact of hydropower station(dam) on the downstream ecological environment has attracted great concern. China has not yet had a corresponding mechanism to regulate the work of decommissioning argumentation, environmental impact assessment, decision-making and social impact compensation. The characteristics of the two dam decommissioning guidelines issued by The International Commission on Large Dams and American Society of Civil Engineers are teased out in terms of concept, technology demonstration and environmental assessment, ecological restoration and social effects, legal system to be followed and declaration and approval. The argumentation and enlightenment of the decommissioning of 6 hydropower stations(dams) on 2 rivers in the western United States are introduced, and suggestions for the establishment of decommissioning mechanism suitable for the hydropower stations(dams) in China are put forward.更多还原