【摘要】 通过陷阱法调查云南省主要柠檬产区9种类型柠檬园地表蚂蚁群落。采集地表蚂蚁52种2 641头,地表蚂蚁群落结构划分为5组。不同类型柠檬园地表蚂蚁特有种不同,柠檬园BC、BB及LE无特有种,柠檬园BA有1种,其余柠檬园有2～10种。6种以上柠檬园中均出现的物种在不同类型柠檬园中的多度变化明显。对群落结构相似性贡献率≥5%的特征物种分析显示,9种类型柠檬园间地表蚂蚁特征物种明显不同;柠檬园LE、BB及RI的指示物种各有1种,分别为宽结大头蚁Pheidole noda、黑头酸臭蚁Tapinoma melanocephalum及印度大头蚁P.indica。蚂蚁的生物学特性与样地特征相关联,地表蚂蚁通过物种组成及多度变化对不同类型柠檬园做出了响应。9种类型柠檬生产方式不利于地表蚂蚁群落的保护,建议柠檬生产中减少化学农药的使用,一定程度提高植被复杂程度,降低人为干扰,增加柠檬绿色生产技术的投入。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ground-dwelling ant communities were investigated by using pitfall traps in 9 types of lemon orchards in main lemon producing areas in Yunnan Province.2 641 ground-dwelling ant individuals were collected,representing 52 species,the structure of ground-dwelling ants community could be categorized into five groups among different lemon orchards.Different lemon orchards had their endemic species,there were no endemic species in lemon orchard BC,BB and LE,one endemic species in lemon orchard BA,and 2 to 10 endemic species in other lemon orchards,respectively.Abundance of species appeared in most lemon orchards had a significantly change within different lemon orchards.Typical species which had contributions of over 5% to community similarities showed that typical species was different among different types of lemon orchards.The indicator of lemon orchard LE,BB and RI were Pheidole noda,Tapinoma melanocephalum and P.indica,respectively.Biology and ecology of ants was associated with each habitat.Ground-dwelling ants had responded to different types of lemon orchards through species composition and abundance changes.Nine types of lemon production methods had negative effects on the protection of ground-dwelling ant communities.It was suggested that the use of chemical pesticides should be reduced,the vegetation complexity should be increased to a certain extent,the degree of human disturbance should be reduced,and the investment of green lemon production technology should be increased.更多还原