【摘要】 简要介绍了地震海啸产生的物理机制、海啸波在大洋中的传播特性以及海啸所具有的超强破坏力可能引发的巨大灾害;概述了全球地震海啸发生的频率和太平洋区域历史海啸的时空分布;整理分析了我国沿海发生海啸的频次和空间分布。针对越洋海啸传播的特点,采用基于波浪追逐原理和自适应网格加密技术的海啸数值模型对1960智利海啸进行了数值模拟,将模拟的结果与历史记录进行了对比,验证了模型的可靠性。通过对数值模拟结果的分析,初步讨论了我国沿海地区越洋海啸的危险性,并定量阐述了越洋海啸对我国各海区的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper,the physical mechanism how tsunami was trigered by submarine earthquake,the characteristic of tsunamis wave propagated in ocean and potential disaster caused by the super-destructive power of tsunamis were presented simply.The frequency of global tsunamis occurred and the temporal and spatial distribution of historical tsunamis in Pacific region were outlined.The frequency and spatial distribution of the tsunamis which occurred in China coasts were also systemized.According to trans-oceanic tsunami propagation mechanism,selecting a tsunami numerical model which was developed at the University of Washington.It is based on wave tracking theory and adaptive mesh refinement technology.Focus on simulating tsunami wave propagation characteristics around China’s coastal areas,the simulation results fit well with the observational data.Based on the simulation results,the impact of Chile tsunami on China coasts was discussed quantitatively.The evaluation of potential risk along the China coasts was given.更多还原