【摘要】 目的探讨汶川地震灾区灾后3个月疾病谱的变化及医学救援分期方法。方法根据《疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类》,先将疾病分为外伤/伤口类疾病、非外伤性外科疾病、内科疾病三大类,再按各专科救治情况进行分类统计。结果震后7d内发生疾病以外伤/伤口类疾病占绝大多数;震后8d非外伤性外科疾病发病率逐渐升高,1个月后发病率稳定于50.72%～54.20%,主要为骨科类疾病和妇产科类疾病;震后4d内科性疾病发病率逐渐升高,1个月后稳定于44.32%～48.69%,主要为急性呼吸道、消化道感染、过敏性皮肤病和心理性疾病。结论汶川地震灾难医学救援可分为早、中、晚三期。早期(震后1～7d)疾病种类主要为外伤/伤口类;中期(8～30d)既有一般性内外科疾病,又有余震和地震所造成的次生灾害类伤病,此期为震后精神类疾病的高发期;晚期(震后1～3个月)多为当地常见病、多发病。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the regularity of spectrum of disease and to define the staging of medical rescue in Wenchuan earthquake area.Methods According to the ICD-10 codes,the diseases were categorized into injuries/wounds,non-traumatic surgical diseases and internal medicine diseases.The surgical diseases and the internal medicine diseases were sorted according to each faculty.Results The injuries/wounds were the main diseases in 7 days of after the shock,which account for 94.29%～100%.The incidence of non-traumatic surgical diseases gradually increased 8 days after the shock,and stabilized between 50.72% and 54.20% 1 month after the shock.And most of the surgical diseases were osteology diseases and gynecologic and obstetric diseases.The incidence of internal medicine diseases gradually increased 3 days after the shock,and stabilized between 44.32% and 48.69% 1 month after the shock;And most of the diseases were acute respiratory tract infection,alimentary infection,allergic dermatosis and posttraumatic stress disorder.Conclusion Three stages of disaster medical rescue could be well defined in Wenchuan earthquake.In early stage(in 7 days after the shock),injuries/wounds are the main disease;In intermediate stage(8～30days following the shock),the diseases include not only the common surgical/internal medicine diseases but also injuries/wounds caused by aftershocks and secondary disaster of earthquake.Furthermore,the incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder is highest in this stage.In late stage(1～3 months after the shock),the spectrum of diseases in this stage is similar to that of commonly encountered local disease.更多还原