【摘要】 喀斯特地区的土壤保持服务及产流服务对区域可持续发展至关重要,明晰二者之间的权衡/协同关系是制定生态系统服务管理策略的基础。当前,针对喀斯特生态系统服务权衡与协同关系的研究多为定性描述,对于相互关系的定量研究亟待加强。本文以典型喀斯特地区三岔河流域为研究区,使用In VEST模型、RUSLE模型分别模拟了研究区2000—2015年16年间的产流量及土壤侵蚀量数据,借助地理加权回归方法对产流量及侵蚀量的多年均值进行权衡/协同关系的定量刻画与空间分析。结果表明:(1)流域尺度上产流量与土壤侵蚀量呈现权衡协同关系并存的分布格局,研究区63. 3%的面积为权衡关系,36. 7%的面积为协同关系,上游、下游大部分地区为权衡关系,中游呈现协同关系;(2)土地利用类型的空间分布是导致产流量与土壤侵蚀量权衡/协同关系空间分布的主要原因;(3)产流量与土壤侵蚀量的空间权衡/协同关系具有较高的空间异质性,因不同地貌类型区而存在差异,其中中海拔平原、中海拔台地地区土壤侵蚀与产流量整体上表现为协同关系,中海拔丘陵、小起伏中山、中起伏中山地区表现为权衡关系。本研究深入剖析了土壤侵蚀及产流量的空间权衡关系,其结果可为该地区生态系统服务管理提供借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Quantitative assessment of ecosystem services in karst areas,such as soil conservation and water yield,is essential for regional sustainable development. Identifying the antagonistic/synergistic relationship of these services could provide the scientific basis for ecosystem-based management. Currently,most research on karst ecosystem services trade-offs and synergies were conducted qualitatively. However,quantitative studies on the spatial and temporal variability of the relationship are still lacking,especially at the basin scale. In this study,the Sancha River Basin in Guizhou Province of China,a typical karst-peak cluster depression area,was selected as the study area. The Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs( InVEST) model and Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation( RUSLE) model were applied to quantitatively assess water yield and soil erosion from 2000 to2015,respectively. The Geographically Weighted Regression( GWR) method was used to quantify the relationships of trade-offs/synergies between water yield and soil erosion services and to further display their spatial variability. The results showed that:( 1) both anatagonistic and synergistic relationships existed between the two ecosystem services and were found in 63. 3% and 36. 7% of the study area,respectively. At the basin scale,the trade-offs between soil erosion and water yield were mainly found in the upstream and downstream areas. While the areas with synergistic relationship mainly located in the middle reaches.( 2) The land use types were the main cause of the spatial distribution of trade-offs and synergies relationships between the two services. The distribution of land use types determined the spatial heterogeneity of the relationships in the study area.( 3) The spatial heterogeneity of relationships were categorized based on the local geomorphological conditions. For example,in the middle elevation plain and terrace areas,soil erosion and water yield generally showed synergistic relationships.However,the relationships changed to trade-offs in the areas of middle elevation hill,small relief mountain and middle relief mountain. This study can provide scientific references for karst ecosystem services management.更多还原