【摘要】 山地城市地形特殊、灾害类型众多、灾种关联性强,极易引发次生灾害等连锁反应,进行多灾种综合防治尤为重要。以恩施市中心城区为例,采用"精准高效、共建联防"的综合防灾规划思路,形成恩施市中心城区"灾前—灾时—灾后"全过程关注和"规划—建设—管理"多层次应对的综合防灾指导方案:(1)综合中心城区地理条件和行政管辖功能划定防灾分区;(2)根据中心城区综合防灾对象保障规模和现有设施情况建设应急保障基础设施和应急服务设施;(3)对各分区内防灾设施进行"四线"管控和使用管理。以此提高中心城区灾害适应性和应急能力,达到城市安全的综合防灾效果。恩施市中心城区综合防灾实践丰富了山地城市防灾理论体系,并可为相关山地城市综合防灾规划建设提供借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mountain cities are characterized by special topography, numerous types of disasters with strong interactions, which easily lead to chain reactions such as secondary disasters. Comprehensive prevention and control of multiple disasters is particularly important in mountain cities. Past researches expressed concerns over the safety of urban public space and the delimitation of emergency space, and associated issues such as design and development planning in mountain cities, but less attentions were paid to the disasters control by a comprehensive approach, particularly in western China. In this research, it took downtown Enshi city as an example to exemplify an advisable layout of comprehensive disasters control, which featured as precision, efficiency and collaborative prevention. The guidance comprised three divisions with focus on the multi-level responses of planning-constructing-managing through the whole phases of pre-disasters preparation, co-disasters reduction and post-disaster rescue.(1) Delineation of disaster prevention zones based on geographical conditions and administrative jurisdiction functions of the central urban area;(2) Construction of emergency support infrastructure and emergency service facilities according to the scale of comprehensive disaster prevention targets and the existing facilities in the central urban area;(3) To control and manage the use of "four conduits" for disaster prevention facilities in each district. In this way, the disaster adaptability and emergency response capability of a central city area can be improved to achieve the comprehensive disaster prevention effect of urban safety. The practice of comprehensive disaster prevention in downtown Enshi city enriched the theoretical system of mountain city disaster prevention, and it could provide reference for compre更多还原