【摘要】 贵州实现全面小康的难点在于生态移民。本文以贵州省为研究区域,采用现场调查、统计分析的手段,探讨影响生态移民经济可持续发展的因素。研究表明,生态移民搬迁以后的家庭收入水平、家庭债务负担、就业状况、培训状况、子女就学状况及医疗卫生状况等与其实现经济可持续发展有着极为密切的关系,其中收入水平是反映移民经济可持续发展最重要的方面,家庭劳动力数量、从事的职业及是否参加过技术技能培训等因素对收入都产生了显著的影响。因此,获得持续稳定的收入来源是移民实现经济可持续发展的前提和保障,从政策上帮助移民就业,让移民参与有利于就业的技术技能培训,是实现移民可持续发展的重要途径。具体而言,一是政府、企业和移民三方联动,采取自主创业、区域劳务合作、增加城镇公益性岗位等措施有效促进移民实现就业;二是通过开展现代农业实用技术培训、针对性的岗位技能培训、文化知识道德素养提升培训等内容帮助移民提升生产方式和生活方式的转型能力。本研究为实现生态移民可持续发展提供重要的参考与借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ecological Immigration Project is one of the important measures in Guizhou Province for achievement of the goal of a well-off society in an all-round way. Based on data of survey of 400 farmers in Guizhou province, this paper provide an insight into some pivotal factors affecting the economic sustainable development of ecological migration by using Ordered Logistic Regression. The results were as follows:(1)Family income, debt, employment, training, education for children, medical and health status were closely related to their sustainable economic development.(2)Income level was the most important aspect, and the number of labor force, vocational and technical skill training had a significant impact on the incomes of immigrants. In conclusion, a sustainable and stable income source would be the premise and guarantee for the sustainable economic development of migrants. Realization of the sustainable development of migrants need to help migrant’s employment from policy perspective and enable immigrants to participate in technical skill training for employ. Firstly, the governments, enterprises and immigrants jointly should adopt measures such as self-employment, regional labor cooperation and increase public welfare jobs in cities and towns to effectively promote employment of immigrants. Secondly, training in modern agricultural practical technology, job skills, cultural knowledge and moral literacy would help immigrants improve their ability to transform their production and lifestyle. So this study provides important reference for realizing the sustainable development of ecological migration.更多还原