【摘要】 亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)是氮素转化中重要的一环,对其分类及生态位进行研究,有利于深入了解其生存竞争力和环境适应能力,充分发挥NOB在污水处理领域中的作用。文章阐述了已知NOB的种类及分布,剖析了反应过程中的关键酶NXR,探讨了其不同的代谢方式及其与其他微生物间多样的种间关系,介绍了近年来硝化螺旋菌属中发现的全程硝化菌的研究进展及其对于NOB生态位多样性以及环境适应性的意义,对其研究方向和生态潜力进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nitrite oxidizing bacteria(NOB) is an important part of nitrogen conversion. The research on the classification and niche of NOB is beneficial to understand its survival competitiveness and environmental adaptability, and gives full play to the role of NOB in wastewater treatment. The phyla, genera and their distribution of known NOB are elucidated. The key enzyme nitrite oxidoreductase(NXR) in the nitrite oxidation and nitrate reduction are reviewed. The diversity of NOB metabolisms and their inter-species relationships with other microorganisms are discussed. The research progress of NOB in recent years, especially the complete ammonia oxidizer(Comammox) found in Nitrospira, is described. The new research results have important significance for the niche diversity of NOB and its environmental adaptability, and the research direction and potential of NOB are prospected.更多还原