【摘要】 目的调查地震灾民创伤后应激反应的影响因素。方法汶川地震后第12天开始调查337名灾民的人口学背景、受灾情况等,应用创伤后应激反应筛查表(PTSS20)进行心理评估。采用非参数检验和多元线性回归等筛出应激反应的影响因素。结果从PTSS20总分来看,女性比男性高;青、中年组比儿童或青少年组高;视听觉刺激极重组比中度组及无刺激组高;有亲人死亡组比无亲人死亡组高;调查时间30 d以上组比15 d及以下组或16～30 d组高(均有显著差异);以PTSS20总分为因变量进行逐步回归,性别、调查时间、对领导救灾满意度、亲人死亡、家庭关系、年龄进入回归方程。结论女性、青中年、有亲人死亡者、视听觉刺激极重者、受重伤者是危机干预的重点对象。调查时间在30 d以上、对领导救灾满意度低、家庭关系差是创伤后应激反应的危险因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To examine the influencing factors of post-traumatic stress reaction in earthquake victims in Wenchuan.Methods337 Wenchuan earthquake victims were investigated about their demographic backgrounds,stricken conditions and were assessed with the post-traumatic stress reaction screening scale(PTSS20) from the 12th day after the earthquake.Non-parametric test and multiple linear regression were used to explore the influencing factors of post-traumatic stress reaction.ResultsIn terms of the median of PTSS20 total scores(MPTSs),MPTSs of female was higher than male,MPTSs of young or middleaged objects was higher than children or adolescents,MPTSs of objects experienced severe audio-visual stimulus was higher than those experienced moderate audio-visual stimulus or those without audio-visual stimulus.MPTSs of objects with bereavement in the earthquake was higher than those without bereavement.MPTSs of objects who was investigated above thirty days after earthquake was higher than those investigated earlier.Six influencing factors including gender,investigate-point,satisfactory extent to leader’s relief,bereavement,family relation, age entered the stepwise regression model of PTSS20 total score.ConclusionCrisis intervention should pay much attention to females,young or middle-aged objects,the bereaved,objects experienced severe audio-visual stimulus and seriously injured objects.Risk factors of post-traumatic stress reaction consist of investigative time greater than thirty days,low satisfaction to leader’s relief and poor family relation.更多还原